Digestive Disorders Flashcards
what do ulcers result from
imbalance between protective and aggressive factors
aggressive factors of the stomach
-HCL
-VFAs and lactic acid
-pepsin
-bile acid
protective factors of the stomach
-feed
-saliva
-mucosa regeneration
-mucosal blood flow
-bicarbonate
-mucus secretion
-prostaglandin E2
what group of horses develops ulcers at the highest rate
performance horses
what complications can severe ulcers cause
Anemia
peritonitis(inflammation)
stomach rupture
death
what type of ulcers are 80% of ulcers? why?
-squamous ulcers
-they occur on the non glandular region of the stomach where their is no mucus protection
what is the most common location for ulcers
margoplicatus
how long after eating does the stomach pH drop
1-2 hours after meal
how do high grain diets increase risk of ulcers
-less eating time produces less saliva
-greater lactic acid fermentation due to fermentation of starch
how does exercising horses increase chances of ulcers
when pH is low exercising causes liquid acid from glandular region into non glandular region
what management practices can help treat ulcers
-minimize training
-turn out with hay
-minimize stress
why is alfalfa the best hay to feed in regards to ulcers
high in Ca, Mg, and proteins which act as buffers
what causes glandular stomach ulcers
impaired mucosal protections(typically mucosal blood flow)
what are glandular ulcers associated with in adult horses? in foals?
adults: high doses of NSAIDs
foals: illness, issues further down GIT
clinical signs of colic
-lying down and getting up
-rolling
-looking at flank
-biting abdomen
-pawing
Non management factors that can lead to colic
ulcers
gas build-up
impaction
toxins
parasites
what causes gas colic
when rate of gas production is greater than rate of removal
what type of feed rapidly increases gas production
NSC
why does rapid change in meals increase gas colic risks
microbes dont have time to adapt
where is impaction colic most common
pelvic flexure of large colon
what can decrease horses water intake
-cold
-rapid temp changes
-poor teeth
-moving from pasture to hay
why does switching to low quality high fiber feed increase colic risk
its tough to chew and ferment, large particles get stuck
what causes hindgut acidosis
excess starch and fructans enter hindgut and are fermented to lactic acid faster than lactic acid utilizing microbes can keep up with
