Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue > difficult to remember > Flashcards

difficult to remember Flashcards

1
Q

Management of low back pain

A
  • acute pain 1. maintain moderate activity 2. NSAID or acetaminophen 3. consider muscle relaxants, spinal manipulation, brief course of opioids
  • chronic: intermittent use of NSAID, exercise therapy, consider duloxetine / TCA
  • 2ry prevention: exercise therapy, education
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

mixed cryoglobulinemia - clinical manifestations

A
  1. fatique, arthralgia
  2. glumerulonephritisis
  3. HTN
  4. dyspnea, pleuristy
  5. Palpable purpura, leukocytoclastic vasculitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

cryoglobulinemia type 1 - clinical findings

A

asymptomatic
hyperviscosity (blurry vision) thrombosis (Raynaud)
Livedo reticularis, purpura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

cryoglobulinemia - types and complement levels

A

type 1: normal

mixed: Low C4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cryoglobulinemia - types and disease association

A

type 1: lymphoproliferative or hematoogic (eg. MM)

mixed: chronic HCV, HIV, SLE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

joint fluid characteristics

A
  1. normal: clear, less than 200 WBC, les than 25% OMNs
  2. noninflammatory (OA): clear, 200-2000, 25% PMNs
  3. inflammatory (crystals, RA etc): translucent or opaque, 2000-100, often more than 0% PMNs
  4. septic joint: opaque, 50.000-150, more than 80-90%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

cervical spondylolsis

A

10 % of people older than 50

  • history of chronic neck pain
  • limited neck rotation lateral bending due to osteoarthritis and 2ry muscle spasm
  • sensory deficit due to osteophyte induced radiculopathy
  • bony spurs + sclerotic facet joint
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

2ry amyloidosis - treatment

A

treat underlying

colchicine for prevention + treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Prevention of future gout attacks

A
  1. Weight loss (BMI lower than 25)
  2. low fat diet
  3. decreased seafood + red meat
  4. protein intake preferably from vegetables + low fat dairy products
  5. avoid organ rich foods (liver, sweetbreads)
  6. avoid beer and distilled spirits
  7. avoid diuretics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

causes of lumbar spinal stenosis

A
  1. degenerative arthritis (spondylosis)
  2. degenerative disk disease
  3. thickening of the ligamentum flavum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

fluoroquinolone mediated tnedinopathy (or rupture)

A
  • most common in Achilles
  • within 24 h with a median of 8 days
  • stop the drug, avoid exercise, seek medical care
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

RFs for fluoroquinolone mediated tendinopathy

A
  1. older than 60
  2. female
  3. normal BMI
  4. concurrent oral corticosteroid use
  5. history of organ transplant
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

1ry bone tumor of metaphysis

A

vita

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

1ry bone tumor of dipahysis

A
  1. fibrous dysplasia
  2. osteoid osteoma
  3. Ewing sarcoma
  4. MM
  5. osteoblastoma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Heberden vs Bouchard

A

heberden: DIP
Bouchard: PIP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

septic arthritis - microbiology

A
  1. N. gonorh (MCC)
  2. S. aureus (2nd)
  3. Strep
17
Q

Monosodium urate crystals - characteristics

A
  1. Needle shape
  2. (-) birefringent under polarized light
  3. blue under perpendicular
  4. yellow under paraller light
18
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome - treatment

A
  1. wrist splinting
  2. glucocorticoid injection (significant weakness or refractory to st choice)
  3. surgery for severe refract symptoms
    NSAID ARE NOT EFFECTIVE
19
Q

factors that decrease risk for gout

A
  1. dairy product
  2. vit c
  3. coffee
20
Q

De Quervain tenosynovitis

A

classically affects new mothers who hold infants with thumb

passive stretch of these tendons elicits pains (Finkelstein test)

21
Q

disase modifying drugs and SE

A
  1. MTX: liver, stomatitis, cytopenias
  2. leflunamide: liver, cytopenias
  3. Hydroxychloroqune: retinopathy
  4. sulfasalazine: liver, stomatitis, hem anemia
  5. TNFi: infection, demyelination, malignancy, CHF
22
Q

1st line treatment in osteoarthritis

A

non-pharmacological: exercise, weight loss

Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions