Differential Educational Achievement: Ethnicity (External Factors) Flashcards
What does ethnicity mean?
A social group that shares a common and distinctive culture, religion, language, or the like.
How does race differ from ethnicity?
Race is related to biology.
What percentage of White male pupils on free school meals gained 5 A*-C Grades according to DfES (2007)?
24%
Which ethnic groups achieve higher on average than Black pupils?
White & Asian pupils.
Among Asians, which group performs better: Indians, Pakistanis, or Bangladeshis?
Indians.
What trend was noted about White pupils’ progress between ages 11-16 and by who?
White pupils make less progress compared to Black or Asian pupils.
Hastings (2006)
If current trends continue, what will happen to White pupils in the UK?
They will become the lowest performing ethnic group.
Within every ethnic group, which socioeconomic status performs better?
Middle-Class (M/C) pupils do better than Working-Class (W/C) pupils.
Among all groups except gypsy/roma, which gender outperforms the other?
Girls outperform boys.
What do arguments about cultural deprivation suggest regarding ethnic minority groups?
They lack adequate stimulation and linguistic development.
According to Bowker (1968), what creates a barrier to UK education?
A lack of standard English.
When do language problems cease to be an issue according to Bollard and Driver?
By the age of 16.
What did the Swann Report (1985) find about language differences and achievement?
Language differences had little impact on achievement.
What does Murray (1984) attribute to the underachievement of African Caribbean pupils?
Lone-parenthood and lack of male role models.
According to Scrunton (1986), what contributes to low achievement in ethnic minorities?
Failing to embrace and conform to British culture by ethnic minorities.
What does Pryce (1979) say about Asian culture compared to Black culture?
Asian culture is more cohesive than black culture and can ignore racism more effectively.
What term does Hall (1992) use to describe the impact of slavery on Black culture?
Culture of Resistance.
According to hall (1992), what impact did slavery have on education
Much of the Black culture has lost it’s language, religion, ancestry etc.
The Black culture are therefore much less likely to integrate & assimilate with White M/C UK.
What do Driver & Ballard (1981) argue about Asian families?
They have a more ‘Pro-School’ attitude and offer a bigger support network.
As they are much less likely to be LPF, they offer a bigger support network for the children
What does Lupton (2004) suggest about Asian family structure?
It matches the authoritarian nature of schools.
What is Keddie’s (1971) viewpoint on blaming culture for educational failure?
To blame culture is to blame the victims of educational failure.
What does Arnot (2004) say about the media’s effect on Black pupils?
It has created a negative anti-school role model called the ‘the Ultra-Tough Ghetto Superstar ‘ reinforced through rap lyrics & MTV videos.
According to Driver (1977), how can ethnicity be an advantage in education?
African Caribbean girls perform well in school.
According the Flaherty (2004), how much more likely are Pakistanis and Bangladeshis to be in the poorest 1/5 of the population?
3 times more likely than Whites.
