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Neuro > Diencephalon > Flashcards

Diencephalon Flashcards

1
Q

location of diencephalon

A

between cerebrum and brainstem, ventral to the lateral ventricles, encloses the 3rd ventricle

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2
Q

divisions of the diencephalon

A
  • epithalamus
  • thalamus
  • hypothalamus
  • subthalamus
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3
Q

epithalamus

A

pineal gland - circadian rhythms

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4
Q

thalamus subnuclei functions

A
  • sensory information processing

- motor output integration and modulation

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5
Q

hypothalamus functions

A
  • autonomic functions
  • endoctrine functions
  • limbic functions
  • motivated behaviors
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6
Q

Integrates and relays sensory & motor information to/from the cortex

A

thalamus

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7
Q

key thalamic nuclei

A
  • VA = ventral anterior nucleus
  • VL = ventral lateral nucleus
  • VPL = ventral posterolateral nucleus
  • VPM = ventral posteromedial nucleus
  • LGN = lateral geniculate nucleus
  • MGN = medial geniculate nucleus
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8
Q

VA ventral anterior nucleus

A

sends info to the premotor cortex to activate the motor system

“Vacates ants” to activate motor

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9
Q

VL ventral lateral nucleus

A

sends information to activate M1 for motor processing

“vodka lateral” - walk lateral

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10
Q

VPL ventral posterolateral nucleus

A

S1 bodily somatosensation
- vibration, pain, pressure, proprioception, light touch temperature

VPPPL

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11
Q

VPM ventral posteromedial nucleus

A

S1: facial somatosensation, face sensation and taste

“post malone” has FACial tattoos which are disTASTEful

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12
Q

LGN lateral geniculate nucleus

A

V1 vision (optic nerve)

“long gone in the night because there is no light” or VL lateral for light

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13
Q

MGN medial geniculate nucleus

A

A1 hearing
- superior olives and midbrain to auditory

can remember MGN or medial for music, or MGM for music production

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14
Q

hypothalamus functions

A
  • ANS
  • endocrine
  • limbic system
  • motivated behaviors
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15
Q

lateral nucleus and ventromedial nucleus

A
  • feeding and satiety
  • lesion = Lateral lesion makes you “Lean”
  • venteromedial =
  • lesion VM for VERY MASSIVE
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16
Q

ventromedial nucleus is stimulated by ___ and inhibited by ___

A
  • leptin

- grehlin

17
Q

lateral nucleus is stimulated by ___ and inhibited by ____

A
  • grehlin

- leptin

18
Q

anterior nucleus

A

cooling and parasympathetic ANS

19
Q

posterior nucleus

A

heating and sympathetic ANS

20
Q

anterior and posterior nucleus

A
  • Anterior is cooling like A/Clesion means hypothermia
21
Q

suprachiasmatic nucleus

A

circadian rhythms

“supercalifragilisticexpialidocious” is a rhythmic song, Mary Poppins works day or night

22
Q

preoptic nucleus functions

A

thermoregulation, sexual behaviors, releases GnRH

23
Q

lesion of preoptic nucleus

A

Kallmann syndrome; anosmia (absence of puberty)

24
Q

anterior nucleus lesion results in

A

hyperthermia

25
Q

posterior lesion results in

A

hypothermia

26
Q

paraventricular nucleus

A
  • synthesizes ADH and oxytocin - releases via posterior pituitary
  • provides ANS connections to brainstem and spinal cord
27
Q

supraoptic nucleus

A

synthesizes ADH and oxytocin

28
Q

paraventricular and supraoptic nucleus rhyme

A

PARAsail over open WATER (ADH) because you LOVE (oxytocin) it

29
Q

separates thalamus and caudate nucleus medially from the putamen and globus pallidus laterally

A

internal capsule

30
Q

the internal capsule is a ____ pathway to the cortex

A

reciprocal

31
Q

descending hypothalamic input to preganglionic sympathetic neurons of the SC

A

hypothalamospinal tract

32
Q

Horners syndrome is related to this tract

A

hypothalamospinal

33
Q

all sensory pathways synapse in the ____ except for ______

A

thalamus EXCEPT for olfaction

34
Q

processes specific sensory and motor information

A

thalamus

35
Q

processes specific functions relating to ANS, limbic, and endocrine functions, and motivational behaviors

A

hypothalamus

Neuro (27 decks)

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