DIAZEPAM (VALIUM)

Question 1

CLASS

Answer 1

BENZODIAZEPINE

Question 2

DESCRIPTION

Answer 2

DIAZEPAM ACTS ON THE LIMBIC, THALAMIC, AND HYPOTHALAMIC REGIONS OF THE CNS TO POTENTIATE THE EFFECTS OF INHIBITORY NEUROTRANSMITTER RAISING THE SEIZURE THRESHOLD IN THE MOTOR CORTEX.

Question 3

ONSET & DURATION

Answer 3

ONSET: IV: 1-5 MINUTES; IM: 15-30 MINUTES
DURATION: IV: 15-60 MINUTES; IM 15-60 MINUTES

Question 4

INDICATIONS

Answer 4

ACUTE ANXIETY STATES
ACUTE ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL
SKELETAL MUSCLE RELAXATION
SEIZURE ACTIVITY
PREMEDICATION BEFORE SYNC CARDIOVERSION OR TCP

Question 5

ADVERSE REACTIONS

Answer 5

HYPOTENSION
REFLEX TACHCARDIA
RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION
ATAXIA
PSYCHOMOTOR IMPARMENT
CONFUSION
NAUSEA, DIZZINESS, DROWSINESS
BLURRED VISION

Question 6

CONTRADICTIONS

Answer 6

HYPERSENSITIVITY
SUBSTANCE ABUSE
COMA (UNLESS THE PT SEIZURES OR SEVERE MUSCLE RIGIDITY)
CNS DEPRESSION AS A RESULT OF HEAD INJURY
RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION

Question 7

DRUG REACTIONS

Answer 7

PRECIPITATE CNS DEPRESSION AND PSYCHOMOTOR IMPAIRMENT WHEN THE PT IS TAKING OTHER CNS DEPRESSANT MEDICATIONS
SHOULD NOT BE ADMINISTERED WITH OTHER DRUGS BECAUSE OF POSSIBLE PRECIPITATION.

Question 8

HOW DIAZEPAM IS SUPPLIED

Answer 8

PARENTERAL: 5-MG/ ML VIALS, AMPULES, TUBEX

Question 9

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

Answer 9

SEIZURE ACTIVITY: 0.1 MG/KG ( OR 5 MG) OVER 2 MINUTES IV EVERY 10-15 MINUTES PRN (MAX DOSE 30 MG) OR 10 MG IM
CARDIOVERSION OR TCP: 5-15 MG IV 5-10 MINUTES BEFORE PROCEDURE.

Question 10

SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS

Answer 10

PREGNANCY SAFTEY: CATEGORY D
DIAZEPAM MAY CAUSE LOCAL VENOUS IRRITATION
DIAZEPAM HAS A SHORT DURRATION OF ANTICONVULSANTS EFFECT. REDUCE DOSE BY 50% IN OLDER PATIENTS
IF NO OTHER ROUTE IS AVAILABLE RECTAL DOSE MAY BE ADMINISTERED AT A HIGHER DOSE