diagnosis & further tests

Question 1

Diagnosis & Further test for macrocytic anaemia (inc MCV, dec. [RBC], [Hb], HCT)

Answer 1

D: Vitamin B12/folate deficiency
FT: biochemical tests for Vitamin B12 & folate

Question 2

Diagnosis & Further test for thrombocytopenia, leukopenia & anaemia (inc MCV, dec. [RBC], [Hb], HCT)*

Answer 2

D: pancytopenia = bone marrow hypoplasia (not function) = hypoproliferative disorder
FT: *

Question 3

diagnosis & further tests of microcytic & hypochromic RBC morphology [may explain why cause leads to this morphology]

Answer 3

D: iron deficiency
FT: iron studies, ferritin test
[no iron = abnormal Hb = mature RBC abnormal]

Question 4

diagnosis & further tests of macrocytic & normochromic/hypochromic RBC morphology

Answer 4

D: B12, folate deficiency
FT: biochem. test for Vit. B12 & folate
[low folate & B12 ≠ make new DNA = mature abnormally]

Question 5

diagnosis & further tests for erythroponemia (normocytic & normochromic) RBC morphology

Answer 5

D: renal disease; lymphoma (bone marrow damage)
FT: biochem. renal function; bone marrow assessment

Question 6

diagnosis & further tests if ovalocyte & hypersegmented neutrophil is found

Answer 6

D: megaloblastic anaemia
FT: Iron test

Question 7

diagnosis & further tests of marked (a lot) leukocytosis & precursor WBC

Answer 7

D: myeloproliferative disorder (slow growing cancer in bone marrow) OR chronic myeloid leukaemia (ML)
FT: tests on bone marrow; philadelphia chromosome (cause ML) ; immunophenotype (cancer?); FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridisation- look @ DNA = cancer?)

Question 8

diagnosis & further tests of Hi. neutrophil count w/ toxic granulation (small basophilic granules or pink?)

Answer 8

D: neutrophilia w/ toxic changes (bc infection)
FT: microbiological changes

Question 9

diagnosis & further tests if leukocytosis & lymphocytosis & smudge cells was found

Answer 9

D: chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
FT: CD markers (to look for MHC Ag on lymphocytes); immunophenotyping to see if express B cell antigens

Question 10

diagnosis & further tests if there was 20%+ of blast cells

Answer 10

D: accute leukaemia (bc cancer?)
FT: bone marrow (cancer?), CD markers, molecular studies (cancer?), immunophenotype (cancer?)

Question 11

diagnosis basophilic stippling (granules) in RBC

Answer 11

D: sideroblastic anaemia (granules of iron in RBC)
FT: iron studies like ferritin test