Diabetes Mellitus

Question 1

Diabetic foot

Answer 1

Foot ulcers and infections

Question 2

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Answer 2

Life threatening, buildup of ketones in the bloodstream

Question 3

End stage of renal disease

Answer 3

Non functioning kidneys

Question 4

Hemoglobin A

Answer 4

Used to screen for diabetes in adults

Question 5

Hyperglycemia

Answer 5

Too little insulin causing abnormally high blood glucose levels

Question 6

Hypertension

Answer 6

140/90 or above

Question 7

Hypotension

Answer 7

90/60 or below

Question 8

Insulin

Answer 8

Hormone produced by pancreas and functions to regulate glucose metabolism, transports glucose into the body’s cells where it is used for energy

Question 9

Nephropathy

Answer 9

Results in changes in the kidney that leads to kidney disease

Question 10

Nocturia

Answer 10

Night time urination

Question 11

Peripheral artery disease

Answer 11

Decrease arterial blood flow to the extremities, kidneys, and stomach

Question 12

Peripheral neuropathy

Answer 12

Damage to peripheral nerves

Question 13

Polydipsia

Answer 13

Increased thirst

Question 14

Polyphagia

Answer 14

Increased hunger

Question 15

Polyuria

Answer 15

Frequent urination

Question 16

Retinopathy

Answer 16

Damage to the eye producing visual impairment

Question 17

Type 1 diabetes

Answer 17

Complete insulin deficiency and requires insulin replacement for survival, more common in children

Question 18

Type 2 diabetes

Answer 18

Development of insulin resistance, common in adults

Increase in obesity in children has increased type 2 in children

Question 19

Type 3 diabetes

Answer 19

Gestational diabetes, during pregnancy, can increase risk for developing type 2

Question 20

Prediabetes

Answer 20

Impaired fasting glucose levels and impaired glucose tolerant tests

Question 21

Cause of type 1

Answer 21

Unknown

Question 22

Cause of type 2 (5)

Answer 22

1- obesity
2- age
3- physical inactivity 
4- chronic stress
5- genetic predisposition

Question 23

Symptoms of diabetes

Answer 23

Polydipsia, polyuria, fatigue, blurred vision, weakness, dizziness
Onset can cause unusual weight loss and irritability

Question 24

Course and prognosis of diabetes

Answer 24

Life expectancy decreased, but can be treated with proper diet, exercise, glucose management and insulin

Question 25

Hyperglycemia from unmanaged loss of insulin

Macro and micro vascular complications

Answer 25

Toxic effect on body tissues, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral artery disease, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy

Question 26

Neurologic complications

Answer 26

Discomfort and weakness in extremities, can affect heart (sudden death)

Question 27

Diabetic food and periodontal disease

Answer 27

Diabetic foot- can lead to amputations

Neuropathy- dry skin allowing infections to form, masks pain and sensory nerves

Question 28

Impact on OT performance

Answer 28

Ability to perform ADLS (impaired walking, grip strength, and manipulation
Meal prep
Sexual activity
Community mobility and shopping
Sleep patters and disturbances
Social participation (decreased mobility and increased fatigue)