Ch 17 - Cerebrovascular Accident

Question 1

Cerebrovascular accident

Answer 1

CVA, stroke, inadequate supply of oxygen and nutrients to brain, can occur in cerebral hemispheres, cerebellum, and brainstem which determines loss of function

Question 2

Ischemic

Answer 2

Characterized by blockages

Question 3

Neural plasticity

Answer 3

Brains ability to reroute neural pathways

Question 4

thrombotic

Answer 4

Occurs when a blood clot forms in one of the arteries supplying the brain causing vascular obstruction at the point of formation

*most frequently in blood vessels that have already been damaged by atherosclerosis

NIGHT

Question 5

Atherosclerosis

Answer 5

Gradual degenerative disease of the blood vessel walls, fatty deposits form within arteries and often lead to a thrombus (blood clot)

Question 6

Lacunar strokes

Answer 6

Deep, (dead tissue from lack of blood supply), consistent identified risk factor is hypertension

Question 7

Embolism

Answer 7

A clot that has formed elsewhere (thrombus) breaks off, travels up the bloodstream until it reaches an artery too small to pass through and blocks the artery

DAY

Question 8

Hemorrhagic stroke

Answer 8

Rupture in a blood vessel or an aneurysm with a result of bleeding into or around cerebral tissue

Intracerebral- hematoma, bleeding on brain
Subarachnoid- from aneurysm,

Question 9

Right hemiplegia

Answer 9

Speech vocabulary problems, slow cautious disorganized, right visual field deficit

Question 10

Left hemiplegia

Answer 10

Spatial perception problems, over confident impulsive, left visual field deficit

Question 11

Other complications of CVA

Answer 11

Seizures, infection, thromboembolism, transient ischemic attacks, small strokes, subclavian steal syndrome

Question 12

Impact on Occupational performance

Answer 12

Deficits in sensory, motor, mental, communication, and emotional

Question 13

Sensory functions

Answer 13

Loss of tactile sensation –> lack of awareness of body, skin breakdown, asymmetrical posture, difficulty maintaining balance, appear to forget affected body parts, unable to describe position or movement of limbs

Visual –> difficulty reading, language, scanning, shifting gaze particularly toward the affected side

Question 14

Agnosia

Answer 14

Difficulty in understanding the relationship between objects and between self and objects

Question 15

Apraxia

Answer 15

Reduced motor planning

Question 16

Abnormal tone

Answer 16

Hypotonus, flaccidity
Too little resistance or floppiness
Hypertonus, spasticity
Flexion

Question 17

Mental functions

Answer 17

Cognitive functioning

Information processing, attention, comprehension, formation of speech

Question 18

Emotional functions

Answer 18

1 affective and mood disorders
2 behavioral and personality changes
3 cognitive and behavioral disintegration
4 perception-identify disorders

Question 19

Aneurysm

Answer 19

Rupture in blood cells (Hemorrhagic stroke)

Question 19

Associated reactions

Answer 19

Abnormal reflex movements, especially when trying to initiate movement

Question 19

Ataxia

Answer 19

Motor deficit, weakness, uncoordinated

Question 19

Dysarthria

Answer 19

Problems with articulation of speech

Question 20

Dysphagia

Answer 20

Trouble swallowing, drooling

Question 21

Hematoma

Answer 21

Mass from swelling

Question 22

Transient ischemic attacks

Answer 22

Precede actual infarction about half the time, thrombosis,

Question 23

Thrombolytics tPA

Answer 23

Thrombolytic therapy, applied in the acute treatment of myocardial infarction as well as cardiac

Question 24

Small strokes

Answer 24

RIND, PRIND (partially)