diabetes medication Flashcards
matching diet and activity with insulin
type 1DM
aim for 5-10% weight loss
type 2DM
MOA metformin
Inhibition of gluconeogenesis at the liver
insulin secretion?
24 hr basal secretion but bolus after meals
Suppresses glucose production between meals and overnight
40% to 50% of daily needs
Basal insulin
Limits hyperglycemia after meals
Immediate rise and sharp peak at 1 hour
10% to 20% of total daily insulin requirement at each meal
bolus insulin (mealtime)
glucagon rescue
For emergency use if unable to resolve hypoglycemia with oral glucose
Glyburide, glipizide (immediate and extended release), glimepiride
sulfonylureas
sulfonylureas and glinides MOA
All work through closing beta cell potassium channel
glitazone MOA
activate a novel nuclear receptor (PPAR-gamma) in adipose tissue and improve insulin sensitivity in other tissues
black box for heart failure risk
glitazone
GI hormones that cause an increase in the amount of insulin released when glucose levels are normal or particularly when they are elevated.
incretins
reduce CV events in high risk patients
GLP-1 agonist
breaks down endogenous GLP-1
DPP
gliptins MOA
inhibits the breakdown of GLP-1
Flozin MOA
Block renal glucose reabsorption by blocking the SGLT2 transporter in the kidney
alpha- glucosidase inhibitor MOA
Work by inhibition of enzymes in the intestinal brush border
Lifestyle management with diet and activity is the pedestal of all diabetes management. Weight loss, when overweight, is important including a role for bariatric surgery
yep
Insulin may be used in any subtype of diabetes but is essential for type ___ diabetes. Think basal and bolus!
1
Insulin secretagogues work at the ________ to increase insulin secretion.
pancreas
Bariatric surgeries including primarily sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass may all improve glycemic control and weight for patient with BMI over 35 and diabetes.
YEP
