anatomy and physio of the endocrine pancreas

Question 1

Beta cells release

Answer 1

insulin

Question 2

alpha cells release

Answer 2

glucagon

Question 3

delta cells release

Answer 3

somatostatin

Question 4

PP cells release

Answer 4

pancreatic polypeptide

Question 5

Exerts gastrointestinal effects; stimulation of gastric and intestinal enzymes; inhibition of intestinal motility.

Answer 5

pancreatic polypeptide

Question 6

NOT MAKING INSULIN DUE TO AUTOIMMUNE DESTRUCTION OF b CELLS. <40% CONCORDANCE IN TWINS.

Answer 6

type 1DM

Question 7

TISSUES UNRESPONSIVE TO INSULIN. STRONGLY CORRELATED WITH OBESITY. SIGNIFICANT GENETIC COMPONENT (Multiple genes involved).

Answer 7

type 2DM

Question 8

what inhibits insulin synthesis and secretion?

Answer 8

somatostatin

Question 9

glucagon-like peptide does what to insulin synthesis and secretion?

Answer 9

stimulates it !!!

Question 10

how is the insulin receptor down regulated?

Answer 10

internalized within an endosome and then they are digested by a lysosome

Question 11

glucagon synthesis and secretion are stimulated by (2)

Answer 11

1. dietary amino acids

2. epinephrine

Question 12

glucagon synthesis and secretion are inhibited by (2)

Answer 12

1. glucose

2. somatostatin

Question 13

glucagon acts on _____ primarily

Answer 13

liver to activate gluconeogenesis (make glucose from aa)

Question 14

A patient with an insulin-producing tumor (insulinoma) will have elevated circulating insulin and:

Answer 14

C peptide

Question 15

A common stimulator of secretion of both insulin and glucagon is:

Answer 15

amino acids