Diabetes/Insulin 2 Flashcards
The nurse knows that glucagon may be given in the treatment of hypoglycemia because it
A) Inhibits gluconeogenesis
B) Stimulates the release of insulin
C) Increases blood glucose levels
D) Provides more storage of glucose
C) Increases blood glucose levels
B/C glucagon is the fastest acting relief for a hypoglycemic attack
A client with T1DM has a fingerstick glucose level of 258 at bedtime. An order for sliding scale insulin exists. The nurse should
A) Call the physician
B) Encourage intake of fluids
C) Administer the insulin as ordered
D) Give the client 1/2 cup of orange juice
C) Administer insulin as ordered
List the steps to inject insulin from two vials in order
1) Pull back plunger to total amount of air for both doses
2) Inject air equal to NPH dose into NPH vial
3) Inject air equal to regular dose into regular dose vial
4) Invert regular insulin bottle & withdraw regular insulin dose
5) Invert NPH vial & withdraw NPH dose
The nurse is teaching a client regarding the administration of insulin as part of the discharge plan. Which of the following has the MOST rapid onset of action?
A) Insulin regular (Humulin R)
B) Lispro
C) Glargine
D) Insulin NPH (Humulin N)
Lispro
B/C it is a rapid acting insulin and takes about 15 minutes to take affect
A patient is receiving Metformin (Glucophage). What will the best plan of the nurse with regard to patient education with this drug? Select all that apply
A) It stimulates the pancreas to produce more insulin
B) It must be taken with meals
C) It decreases sugar production in the liver
D) It inhibits the absorption of carbs
E) It reduces insulin resistance
B) It must be taken with meals
C) It decreases sugar production in the liver
E) It reduces insulin resistance
A patient who has T1DM is found unresponsive in their room. Arrange the steps of what you would do in the correct order
- Call a code
- Treat the client for hypoglycemia
- Assess the vital signs
- Call the physician STAT
1) Treat the client for hypoglycemia
2) Call the physician STAT
3) Assess vital signs
4) Call a code
A patient has T1DM and receives insulin for glycemic control. She tells the nurse that she likes to have a glass of wine with dinner. What will the best plan of the nurse for client education include?
A) The alcohol could cause pancreatic disease
B) The alcohol could cause serious liver disease
C) The alcohol could predispose you to hypoglycemia
D) The alcohol could predispose you to hyperglycemia
C) The alcohol could predispose you to hypoglycemia
B/C Alcohol can inhibit the liver’s ability to release glucose into the blood and is stronger in people taking insulin
Dr Hugo has prescribed sulfonylureas for Rebecca in the management of T2DM. As a nurse, you know that the primary purpose of sulfonylureas, such as long acting glyburide (Micronase), is to
A) Induce hypoglycemia by decreasing insulin sensitivity
B) Improve insulin sensitivity & decrease hyperglycemia
C) Stimulate the beta cells of the pancreas to secrete insulin
D) Decrease insulin sensitivity by enhancing glucose uptake
C) Stimulate the beta cells of the pancreas to secrete insulin
B/C sulfonylureas are given to patients with SOME remaining pancreatic beta cell function. They stimulate the beta cells to secrete insulin.
Rosemary has been taking Glargine (Lantus) to treat her condition. One of the benefits of this insulin is its ability to
A) Release insulin rapidly throughout the day to help control basal glucose
B) Release insulin evenly throughout the day and control basal glucose levels
C) Simplify the dosing and better control blood glucose levels during the day
D) Cause hypoglycemia with other manifestations of other adverse reactions
B) Release insulin evenly throughout the day and control basal glucose levels
B/C Glargine (Lantus) is a long acting insulin and is made to last 24 hours
An ailing 70 year old woman with a diagnosis of T2DM has been ill with pneumonia. The patient’s intake has been very poor, and she is admitted to the hospital for observation and management as needed. What is the MOST likely problem with this patient?
A) Insulin resistance has developed
B) DKA
C) Hypoglycemia unawareness is developing
D) HHS
D) HHS
B/C HHS occurs in T2DM and can be caused by illness & poor appetite/dehydration
After suffering an acute MI, a patient w/ a history of T1DM is prescribed metoprolol IV. Which nursing interventions are associated w/ IV admin of metoprolol?
A) Monitor glucose levels closely
B) Monitor for heart block & bradycardia
C) Monitor blood pressure closely
D) Mix the drug in 50 mL dextrose 5% in water and infuse over 30 minutes
E) Be aware that the drug is not compatible w/ morphine
A) Monitor glucose levels closely
B) Monitor for heart block & bradycardia
C) Monitor BP closely
When reviewing the urinalysis of a patient with newly diagnosed DM, the nurse would expect which urine characteristics to be abnormal?
A) Amount
B) Odor
C) pH
D) Specific gravity
E) Glucose level
F) Ketone bodies
A) Amount
B) Odor
E) Glucose level
F) Ketone bodies
B/C DM is associated w/ increased amounts of urine, sweet/fruity odor, & glucose/ketone bodies in the urine. It does not affect the urine’s pH or SG
