Diabetes Flashcards
Signalment for canine DM
middle aged - older (5-12y), though seen in juveniles rarely
females may be more prone
Type 1 diabetes cause and species
failure of pancreatic beta cells, more common in dogs
type 2 diabetes cause and species
insulin resistance and beta cell burnout, more common in cats
Signs of DM in dogs
PU/PD/PP and weight loss
Signs of DM in cats
no typical presentation
Causes of feline insulin resistance?
obesity/diet, chronic hyperglycaemia, endocrinopathies
6 factors that complicate DM
obesity, infectious (UTI, pyelonephritis), chronic illness (pancreatitis), hyperthyroidism, hyperadrenocorticism, acromegaly
most common cause of UTI
E. Coli
What is acromegaly?
functional pituitary resulting in excess GH
What is transient diabetes?
diabetic remission
What is DKA??
Diabetic ketoacidosis
What are signs of DKA?
dehydration, hypovolemia, metabolic acidosis, hypotension, weakness, dullness, vomiting, anorexia, ketone breath, collapse, death
Which is false regarding the neuropathies involved with DM?
A) plantigrade posture when standing or walking
B) sensorimotor neuropathy in pelvic and thoracic limbs
C) Axonal degeneration
D) marked decreases in nerve fructose
D - there are marked increases in nerve glucose
T/F there is significant association between presence of abnormal pulmonary histopathology and DM
True - congestion and edema, pneumonia, smooth muscle hypertrophy, fibrosis
2 ocular changes that can be seen due to DM
retinal or cataracts