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1. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry > Developmental Stages: Freud, Erickson, Mahler > Flashcards

Developmental Stages: Freud, Erickson, Mahler Flashcards

1
Q

list Freud’s 5 psychosexual stages of development

A
  1. Oral
  2. Anal
  3. Phallic
  4. Latent
  5. Genital
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2
Q

list Erickson’s 8 Psychosocial stages

A
  1. Trust vs Mistrust
  2. Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt
  3. Initiative vs Guilt
  4. Industry vs Inferiority
  5. Identity vs. Role confusion
  6. Intimacy vs Isolation
  7. Generativity vs Stagnation
  8. Integrity vs Despair
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3
Q

list Piaget’s 4 Cognitive Stages

A
  1. Sensorimotor
  2. Preoperational
  3. Concrete Operations
  4. Formal Operations
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4
Q

list Mahler’s 6 stages of separation-individuation

A
  1. Normal Autism
  2. Symbiosis
  3. Differentiation
  4. Practicing
  5. Rapprochement
  6. Object Constancy
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5
Q

list Bowlby’s 4 stages of attachment

A
  1. pre attachment
  2. attachment in the making
  3. clear cut attachment
  4. formation of reciprocal attachment
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6
Q

list Kohlber’s Moral stages

A
  1. Preconventional
  2. Conventional
  3. Post conventional
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7
Q

Mahler’s stages of separation-individuation describe the period of what age to what age

A

0-5 years

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8
Q

Bowlby’s attachment phases describe the period of what age to what age

A

0-2 years

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9
Q

Freuds psychosexual stages describe the period of what age to what age

A

0-young adult

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10
Q

Erikson’s psychosocial stages describe the period of what age to what age

A

0-above 65

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11
Q

Piaget’s cognitive stages describe the period of what age to what age

A

0-18 years

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12
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

Oral

A

Freud

0-1 year

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13
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

Preoperational

A

Piaget’s Cognitive Stages

2-7 years

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14
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

Phallic

A

Freud

3-5 years

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15
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt

A

Erickson’s Psychosocial stages

18m-3 years

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16
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

pre-attachment

A

Bowlby

0-1.5months

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17
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

preconventional

A

Kohlber’s Moral

3-6 years

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18
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

Anal

A

Freud

1-3 years

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19
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

Industry vs. Inferiority

A

Erikson’s psychosocial stages

5-13 years

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20
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

Trust vs. Mistrust

A

Eriksons psychosocial stages

0-18 months

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21
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

sensorimotor

A

Piaget’s cognitive stages

0-2 years

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22
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

Normal autism

A

Mahler

0-2 months

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23
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

symbiosis

A

Mahler

2-5 months

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24
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

concrete operations

A

Piaget’s cognitive stages

7-11 years

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25
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

formal operations

A

Piaget’s cognitive stages

11-18 years

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26
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

attachment in the making

A

Bowlby

1.5-8 months

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27
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

differentiation

A

Mahler

5-10 months

28
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

initiative vs guilt

A

Erikson

3-5 years

29
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

identity vs role confusion

A

Erikson

13-18 years

30
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

latent

A

Freud

6-11/13 years

31
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

genital

A

Freud

puberty-young adult

32
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

conventional

A

Kohlberg

7-puberty

33
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

post conventional

A

Kohlberg

puberty to adult

34
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

practicing

A

Mahler

10-18 mo

35
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

rapprochement

A

Mahler

18-24 months

36
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

Intimacy vs isolation

A

Erikson

18-40 years

37
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

generativity vs stagnation

A

Erikson

40-65 years

38
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

formal operations

A

Piaget

11-18 years

39
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

object constancy

A

Mahler

2-5 years

40
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

clear cut attachment

A

Bowlby

8-18 months

41
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

formation of reciprocal attachment

A

Bowlby

18-24 months

42
Q

state the age associated with the following developmental stage + the person behind the theory:

integrity vs despair

A

Erikson

above age 65

43
Q

what possible psychopathology might arise during the ages of 0-18 months

A

autism

anaclitic depression

colic

disorders of attachment

feeding and sleeping problems

44
Q

what is the existential question being asked during Eriksons trust vs mistrust stage

A

can i trust the world?

–> infant is uncertain about world in which they live and looks towards their primary caregiver for stability and consistency of care
–> if care received by infant is CONSISTENT, PREDICTABLE and RELIABLE they will develop a sense of trust which will carry them into other relationships and will be able to feel SECURE even when threatened
–> if needs not met, anxiety, mistrust, suspicion may develop

45
Q

what is the existential question being asked during Erikson’s autonomy vs shame/doubt stage

A

is it okay to be me?

–> focused on developing personal sense of control over physical skills and sense of independence
–> if children at this stage are supported in increased independence, they become more confident and secure in their own ability to survive in the world
–> if criticized, overly controlled, not given opportunity to assert themselves, begin to feel inadequate in their ability to survive and may then become overly dependent on others, lack self esteem and feel sense of shame or doubt in their abilities

46
Q

what is the existential question being asked during Erikson’s initiative vs guilt phase

A

it is okay for me to do, move and act?

–> children begin to plan activities, make up games, initiate activities with others
–> if given opportunity to do so, children develop a sense of initiative and feel secure in their ability to lead others and make decisions
–> if tendency is squelched (via criticism or control) children often develop a sense of guilt–> child will often overstep the mark in their forcefulness and danger is that parents will tend to punish the child and restrict his initiatives too much
–> may feel “being a nuisance” asking questions

47
Q

what is the existential question being asked during Erikson’s industry vs inferiority phase

A

can i make it in the world of people and things?

48
Q

what is the existential question being asked during Erikson’s identity vs role confusion stage

A

who am i? who can i be?

–> two roles, the sexual and the occupational
–> if successful, achieve “fidelity” which allows person to be able to committ themselves to others on the basis of accepting others, even if there may be ideiological differences

49
Q

what is the existential question being asked during Erikson’s intimacy vs isolation phase

A

can i love?

50
Q

what is the existential question being asked during Erikson’s generativity vs stagnation phase

A

can i make my life count

51
Q

what is the existential question being asked during Erikson’s ego integration vs despair phase

A

is it okay to have been me?

–> ego integrity is “the acceptance of one’s one and only life cycle as something that had to be” and “as a sense of coherence and wholeness”

52
Q

what is possible psychopathology that may present between 18 mo - 3 years

A

separation issues

negativism

fearfulness

constipation

shyness

withdrawal

aggressiveness

53
Q

what is possible psychopathology that may present between 3-6 years

A

enuresis

encoparesis

anxiety

aggressive acting out to phobias

54
Q

what is possible psychopathology that may present between 6-12 years

A

school phobias

obsessive reactions

conversion reactions

depressive symptoms

anxiety

ADHD

parent-child relational conflicts

55
Q

what is possible psychopathology that may present between 12-17 years

A

delinquency

promiscuity

schizophrenia

eating disorders

suicide

parent-child relational conflicts

56
Q

Freud’s oral phase overlaps with what other developmental stages from other theories

A

Oral (Freud)–> 0-1 year

trust vs mistrust (Erikson)–> 0-18 months

sensorimotor (Piaget)–> 0-2 years

Normal autism (0-2 months) + symbiosis (2-5 months) + differentiation (5-10 months) + practicing (10-18 months) –> Mahler

preattachment + attachment in the making + clear cut attachment (Bowlby)–> up to 18 mo

57
Q

what was Erikson’s theory of personality development?

A

believed personality develops in a predetermined order through 8 stages of psychosocial development

during each stage, person experiences a psychosocial crisis which could have a positive or negative outcome for personality development –> are “psychosocial” in nature because needs of the individual (psycho) conflict with the needs of society (social)

successful completion of each stage results in a healthy personality + acquisition of basic virtues (basic virtues = characteristic strength which the ego can use to resolve subsequent crises)

failure to successfully complete a stage can result in a reduced ability to complete further stages and therefore a more unhealthy personality and sense of self –> but these stages can be resolved successfully at a later time

58
Q

what “basic virtue” is associated with the following Eriksonian stage of development:

trust vs mistrust

A

hope

59
Q

what “basic virtue” is associated with the following Eriksonian stage of development:

autonomy vs shame

A

will

60
Q

what “basic virtue” is associated with the following Eriksonian stage of development:

initiative vs guilt

A

purpose

61
Q

what “basic virtue” is associated with the following Eriksonian stage of development:

industry vs inferiority

A

competency

62
Q

what “basic virtue” is associated with the following Eriksonian stage of development:

identity vs role confusion

A

fidelity

63
Q

what “basic virtue” is associated with the following Eriksonian stage of development:

intimacy vs isolation

A

love

64
Q

what “basic virtue” is associated with the following Eriksonian stage of development:

generativity vs stagnation

A

care

65
Q

what “basic virtue” is associated with the following Eriksonian stage of development:

ego integrity vs despair

A

wisdom

66
Q

what is the underlying theori behind Freuds developmental stages

A

each stage represents the fixation of libido (sexual drives or instincts) on a different area of the body

freud believed all life was built around tension and pleasure

believed all tension was due to build-up of libido and that all pleasure came from its discharge

stages describe that what develops is the way the sexual energy of the id accumulates and is discharged as we mature biologically

the id must be controlled to satisfy social demands–> sets up conflict between frustrated wishes and social norms

ego and superego develop to exercise this control and direct the need for gratification into socially acceptable channels

67
Q

what stage in Freuds developmental stages is associated with the Oedipus complex

A

Phallic

1. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (32 decks)

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