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Pediatric PT > Developmental Reflexes and Reactions > Flashcards

Developmental Reflexes and Reactions Flashcards

1
Q

When is the babinski reflex typically present?

A

Months 0-12

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2
Q

What is a (+) babinski reflex indicative of?

A

UMN lesion if present later in life

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3
Q

When is Flexor Withdrawal reaction typically present?

A

Months 0-2
–> some people believe it occurs throughout life

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4
Q

When is crossed extension reaction typically present?

A

Months 0-2

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5
Q

What elicits a crossed extension reaction?

A

A sharp, quick, pressure to the sole of the foot

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6
Q

What is the description of a crossed extension response when elicited?

A

Withdrawal of stimulated extremity and EXT of the opposite extremity

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7
Q

When is the galant/trunk incurvation reaction typically present?

A

months 0-2

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8
Q

What elicits a galant/trunk incurvation reaction?

A

Sharp stroke along the paravertebral line from the scapula to iliac crest

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9
Q

What is observed when a galant/trunk incurvation reaction is elicited?

A

Lateral flexion towards the stimulated side

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10
Q

When is the moro reflex typically present?

A

months 0-4

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11
Q

What elicits the moro reflex?

A

sudden extension of the neck

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12
Q

What is observed when the moro reflex is elicited?

A

FLX/ABD of shoulders
EXT of elbows

FOLLOWED BY

EXT/ABD of the shoulders and FLX of the elbows

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13
Q

When is the primary standing reaction typically present?

A

months 1-2

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14
Q

What elicits primary standing reaction?

A

holding the infant in a standing position

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15
Q

What is observed when the primary standing reaction is elicited?

A

Infant supports their weight and extends their LEs

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16
Q

When is primary walking reaction typically present?

A

months 0-2

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17
Q

What elicits a primary walking response?

A

holding the infant in supported standing with trunk tilted slightly forward

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18
Q

What is observed when a primary walking reaction is elicited?

A

Reciprocal stepping motions

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19
Q

Is the primary walking reaction typically easier to see in smaller or larger infants?

A

smaller infants

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20
Q

When is the neonatal neck right reaction typically present?

A

months 0-6

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21
Q

What elicits neonatal neck righting?

A

Turning the infants head when they’re supine

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22
Q

What is observed when a neonatal neck righting is elicited?

A

body log rolls to the same side of the head being turned

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23
Q

When is rooting typically present?

A

months 0-3

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24
Q

What elicits rooting?

A

stroking or the perioral region

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25
Q

What is observed when rooting is elicited?

A

Head turning to the side of stimulation with the mouth opening

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26
Q

When is sucking typically present?

A

months 0-6

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27
Q

What elicits the sucking response?

A

touching the lips, tongue, and/or palate

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28
Q

What population of infants commonly has an issue with sucking reflex?

A

premature babies

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29
Q

When is the startle reaction typically present?

A

months 0-6

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30
Q

What elicits a startle reaction?

A

loud noise, sudden light or cold stimulus

31
Q

What is observed when a startle reaction is elicited?

A

sudden jerking of the whole body

OR

EXT/ABD of the UEs followed by ADD of the shoulders

32
Q

When is the tonic labyrinthine reflex typically present?

A

months 0-6

33
Q

What elicits a tonic labyrinthine reflex?

A

prone or supine position

34
Q

What is observed with a tonic labyrinthine reflex when an infant is put into a prone position?

A

maximal flexor tone

35
Q

What is observed with a tonic labyrinthine reflex when an infant is put into a supine position?

A

maximal extensor tone

36
Q

When is the asymmetric tonic neck reflex typically present?

A

months 0-5

37
Q

What elicits an asymmetric tonic neck reflex (ATNR)?

A

rotation of the head

38
Q

What is observed when ATNR is elicited?

A

EXT of the face, side extremities, and FLX of the skull side extremities (Looks like the sprinkler)

39
Q

When is palmar grasp typically present?

A

months 0-4

40
Q

When is plantar grasp typically present?

A

months 0-9

41
Q

Most babies will not walk until their _______ reflex is established.

A

plantar grasp reflex

42
Q

When is the placing reaction typically present?

A

months 0-6

43
Q

What elicits a placing reaction?

A

dragging the dorsum of the foot or back of the hand against the edge of the table

44
Q

What is observed when a placing reaction is elicited?

A

placing of the foot or hand onto the table top

45
Q

When is pull-to-sit (traction) reaction typically present?

A

months 4-5

46
Q

What is observed when a pull-to-sit reaction is elicited?

A

UEs with Flex with head lag

47
Q

What can pull-to-sit reaction help identify?

A

cerebral palsy

48
Q

When is optical labyrinthine righting typically present?

A

1 month and rest of life

49
Q

What elicits optical labyrinthine righting?

A

tilting the body

50
Q

What is observed when optical labyrinthine righting is elicited?

A

head orients itself to a vertical position
–> used with lots of infants with torticollis

51
Q

When does protective extension when moving downward vertically typically occur?

A

month 4

52
Q

When does protective extension when forward sitting typically occur?

A

month 6

53
Q

When does protective extension when lateral sitting typically occur?

A

month 7

54
Q

When does protective extension when backward sitting typically occur?

A

month 9

55
Q

What is observed when protective extension (parachute reaction) is elicited?

A

Extension of the legs in a downward movement and EXT of the forearms in the sitting position to catch weight when moving FWD or laterally

56
Q

When does body righting reaction acting on the head (BOH) typically occur?

A

months 4-6 and throughout life

57
Q

What elicits body righting reaction acting on the head?

A

contact of the body with a solid surface

58
Q

What is observed with body righting reactions on the head (BOH)?

A

Head righting with respect to gravity

59
Q

When does body righting reaction acting on the body (BOB) typically occur?

A

months 6-8 and throughout life

60
Q

What elicits body righting reaction acting on the body?

A

ROT of the head or thorax

61
Q

What is observed with body righting reactions acting on the body?

A

rolling over with ROT between the trunk and pelvis

62
Q

When is symmetric tonic neck reflex typically present?

A

months 6-8

63
Q

How is symmetric tonic reflex elicited?

A

EXT of Cx

OR

FLX of Cx

64
Q

What is observed with a symmetric tonic neck reflex when extending the cervical spine?

A

EXT of the UEs and FLX of the LEs

65
Q

What is observed with a symmetric tonic neck reflex when flexing the cervical spine?

A

FLX of the UEs and EXT of the LEs

66
Q

When does the landau reaction typically occur?

A

months 4-18

67
Q

what elicits the landau reaction?

A

infant was held in ventral suspension

68
Q

What is observed with a landau reaction when elicited?

A

EXT of the neck, trunk, and hips (Superman)

69
Q

When does prone tilting reaction typically present itself?

A

month 5 and throughout life

70
Q

When does supine tilting reaction typically present itself?

A

7 months and throughout life

71
Q

When does sitting tilting reaction typically present itself?

A

8 months and throughout life

72
Q

When does quadruped tilting reaction typically present itself?

A

month 12 and throughout life

73
Q

What elicits tilting reactions?

A

Slow shifting/displacement of the BOS/body

74
Q

What is observed when tilting reactions are elicited?

A

Lateral FLX of the spine TOWARDS the elevated side
ABD of extremities on the ELEVATED side
Trunk ROT on the ELEVATED side

Pediatric PT (14 decks)

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