Developmental psychology Flashcards
VOCAB'S
Developmental Psychology
The study of changes over the life span in physicology, cognition, emotion and social behavior.
Synaptic pruning
The phyiscological process of preserving synaptic connections that are used and elimnating those that are not used.
Tetratogens
Agents that harm the embryoor fetus
Dynamic systems theory
The view that development is a self organizing process, in which new forms of behavuor emerge through consistent interactions between a person and cultural and enviromental contexts.
Habituation technique
A way to study how infants catergorize a series of objects such as faces based on the principle that after looking at objects that are all from the same catergory babies will look for a longer time at objects from a new catergory.
Infantile amnesia
The inability to remeber events from early childhood.
Attachement
A strong intimate emotional connection between people that presists over time and across circumstances.
Assimilation
The procecss by which new informationis placed into exisiting scheme
Accomodation
The process by which a new scheme is created or an exstisting scheme is drastically altered to include new information that otherwise would not fit into the scheme.
Sensorimotor stage
The first stage in Paget’s theory of cognitive development during this stage infants acquire information about the world through their senses and motor skills. Reflexive responses develop into more delibrate actions through the development and refinemnet of scehemes.
Object permanence
The understanding that an object continues to exist even when it can not be seen.
Preoperational stage
The second stage in piaget’s theory of cognitive development during this stage children think symbolically about objects but they reason based on intuition and superficial appereance rather than logic.
Concrete operational stage
The third stage in piaget’s theory of cognitive development during this stage children begin to think about and understand logical operations and they are no longer fooled by appereances.
Formal operational stage
The final stage in piaget’s theory of cognitive development inthis stage people can think abstractly and they can formulate and test hypotheses through deductive logic.
Theory of mind
Tje baility to understand that other people have mental states that influence their behavior.
Preconventional level
Earliest stage of moral development at this level self intrest and event outcomes determine what is moral.
conventional level
Middle stage of moral development at this level strict adherence to societal rules and the approval of others determine what is moral.
post conventional level
Highest stage of moral development at this level descions about morality depend on abstract principles and the valise of all life.
Inequity aversion
A perference to avoid unfairness when making descions about the distribution resource
Puberty
The beginning of adolescence marked by the onset of sexual maturity and thus the ability to reproduce.
Linguistic relativity theory.
The claim that language determines thought.
Telegraphic theory
the way toddlers speak using rudimentary sentences that are missing words and gramaticalmarkings but follow a logical syntax and convey wealth meaning.
surface structure
In language the sound and order of words
Deep structure
In langugae the implicit meanings of sentences
Gender identity
One’s sense of being male and female or nonbinary
Gender role
a behavior that is typically associated with being male or female.
Personality
a persons characterstic thoughts emotional responses and behaviors
personality trait
a pattern of thought emotion and behavior that is relatively consistent over time and acorss situation
Temperaments
Biologically based tendencies to feel or act in certain ways.
Interactionism
The thoery that behavior is determined jointly by situations and underlying dispositions.
