development Flashcards
periodic breathing
seen in newborns where they can stop breathing for a few seconds then continue
anticipatory guidance
how to create a safe environment
when can children walk independently
12-15 months
when can children sit unsupported
8 months
when do toddlers have the myelination for potty training?
18 months
when does brain stop growing?
age 2
when should whole milk be introduced?
after 1 years old
why are tonsils removed?
sleep apnea/ specific infections
what type of prevention are vaccines
primary
what type of prevention is screening?
secondary
is screening a snap shot or trajectory?
snapshot
is surveillance a snapshot or trajectory?
trajectory
what is normal development?
-organized
-progressive
-flows a predictable sequence across life stages
assessment tools for toddlers look at?
social, language, fine & gross motor skills
what is heads used for?
identifying high risk behavior in adolescents
infant age range
0-12 months
neonate age range
birth-28 days
toddler age rang
1-3 years old
preschool age range
3-6 years
school-aged age range
6-12 years
adolescent age range
11-20 years
how does a baby grow?
cephalocaudal (head to toe)
proximal distal (from center outward)
what is the nurse’s responsibility with a growth chart?
measure
plot
interpret
when are you concerned about a growth chart?
-if they drop 2 growth charts between visits
-if they are above 85th percentile
average head circumference
35cm
have is the posterior fontanelle
triangle
is the anterior fontanelle
diamond
does the posterior fontanelle close
2-3 months
when does the anterior fontanelle close
12-18 months
how do you measure a child under 3’s height/length
supine
how do you measure a child over 3’s height/length?
standing
when does the birth weight double?
5 months
when does the birth weight triple
1 year
when should an infant have head control?
no later than 6 months
should be by 4 months
when should a child have a palmar grasp
4 months
when should a child have a pincer grasp
10 months
when does separation anxiety start?
4-8 months
when does stranger danger start?
8 months
stages of separation anxiety
protest, despair, detachment
when can an infant be introduced to solids?
4-6 months
when can an infant advance to finger foods?
8-12 months
what can an infant have before age 1?
cow’s milk or honey
when should an infant start getting oral exams?
12 months
how should a parent clean an infants mouth?
wipe gums 1-2x a day
infant nursing applications
-trust vs. mistrust
-sensorimotor stage
-no moral development
when does a toddler usually reach half of their adult height?
2 years old
toddler gross motor skills
running
climbing
jumping
pushing/pulling a toy
throwing a ball
pedaling a tricycle
when can a toddler go up stairs?
36 months
when can a toddler build a tower of 6 blocks?
24 months
toddler nursing interventions
-autonomy vs. shame and doubt
-pre-operational thought
-preconventioal level (understand right/wrong)
the should a child switch to whole milk?
after 2 years old
what strategy is the most appropriate of parents to use to prepare a toddler for the birth of. sibling
provide a doll for the toddler to imitate parenting
preschool nursing implications
-initiative vs. guilt
-preoperational state (magical thinking)
-preconventional level
preschooler gross motor activities
-tricycle with helmet
-catch & kick a ball
-jump rope/skip
school aged nursing applications
-industry vs. inferiority
-concrete operations
-conventional level (concerned with conformity and loyalty
nursing application adolescents
-identity vs role confusion
-formal operations (abstract thought)
-postconventional level
-self identity/expressio
