Developing infection Flashcards
Define: Pathogentic
Disease causing
Define: Pathogen
An organism causing disease to its host
Define: Zoonosis
Infection that has come from an animal
Define: Subclinical
Without symptoms
Define: Antigen
The production of antibodies
Types/ features of infections miro-organisms
Bacteria
- Prokaryotic- ‘Lacking a nucleus’
- Single- celled organism
- They have gentic material in the form of DNA
- Own cellular ‘machinery’ to grow and reproduce
Types/ features of infections miro-organisms
Virus
- Simplest type of miro-organism
- Virus are smaller cells
- Are not free- living and need to infect cells to multiply
- Virus are described as ‘intracellalar parasites’
Types/ features of infections miro-organisms
Fungi
- A plant like organism that does not make chlorophyll
Types/ features of infections miro-organisms
Protozoa
- Single celled animals
- Many are free living
- Some infect the human body as infectitions, if the body immune system is weakened.
Types/ features of infections miro-organisms
Helminths
- Parasitic worms
- Adult Helminths can be seem with a naked human eye
- Inculding flukes and tapeworm
Types/ features of infections miro-organisms
Prions
- Misfolded protein
-Can give this to other proteins
-Trigger cellular death (Nicrosis)
Chain of infection
The process by which a pathogen spreads from one host to the next.
- Organism- Bacteria, fungi, parasites, prions
- Reservoir- people, equipment, food, insects, water, animals
- Portal of exit- blood, secretions, excretions, skins
- Trasmission- Physical, contact, droplets, airborne
- Portal of entry- Mucous membrane, respiratory system, digestive system, Broken skin
- Susceptible host- Immune deficiency, diabetes, burns, surgery, age
-Organism
Define Pyrecia response
The elevation of an individual’s core body temperature above a ‘set-point’ regulated by the body’s thermoregulatory center in the hypothalamus.
Neutrophil
Undertakes phagocytosis to remove pathogens
Mast cells
Relase histamine as part of the inflammorty responses
Dendritic cell
Antigen presentation to stimulate the adaptive immune resonse
Macrophage
- Mature monocytes
- Undertake phagocytosis and relase cytokines to stimulate ongoing immune response
Monocycte
A naïve immune cell which can turn into other types of immune cell required- macrophages
T cells
Main role to activatve specific b-cells to respond to infection and produce antibodies
What are B- cells
Untake ‘cloning’ to fight infection
