Cancer Flashcards
Cancer
Define- Cancer
- Unregulated cell growth
- Starts when one cell grows and multiplies in an incontrolled way.
- Leading to a lump or tumour
Cancer
Define- Neoplasm
‘New growth’ of cell or adnormal mass of tissue
Cancer
Define- Benign
- Does not invade neighbouring tissue or spreads to other parts of the body
- Not usually harmful
Cancer
Define- Maglinant
Is able to spread to other parts of the body
Cancer
Define- Carcinoma
Cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs.
Cancer
Define- AdenoCancercinoma
Forms in the glandular tissue, which lines certain internal organs and makes/ releases mucus, digestive juices, and other fluids.
Cancer
Define- Sarcome
Begins in bone or in the soft tissues of the body, including cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, fibrous tissue, or other connective or supportive tissue
Cancer
Define- Leukaemia
a type of blood cancer that affects blood cells in your bone marrow – usually white blood cells.
Cancer
Define- Lymphoma
a cancer of the lymphatic system, which is part of the body’s germ-fighting network.
Cancer
Hall marks of Cancer
- Resisting cell death
- Sustaining proliferative
- Evading growth suppressors
- Activating invasion and metastasis
- Enabling replicative immortality
- Inducing angiogenesis
Cancer
Tumour growth and development
- an abnormal growth of body tissue.
- Forms when cells grow and divide more than they should or do not die when they should.
Cancer
Genetic aspects of cancer
Role of oncogenes
A mutated gene that has the potential to cause cancer
Cancer
Genetic aspects of cancer
Proto-ongenes
A gene involved in normal cell growth.
Cancer
Genetic aspects of cancer
Tumour suppressor genes
A type of gene that makes a protein called a tumor suppressor protein that helps control cell growth
Cancer
Genetic asepects of cancer
Grading/ staging of cancer (TNM Tumour, Node, Metastasis classification)
The system uses letters and numbers to describe the cancer. So for example a small cancer that has spread to the lymph nodes but not to anywhere else in the body may be T2 N1 M0. Or a more advanced cancer that has spread may be T4 N3 M1.
