Describing prose Flashcards
une large gamme de connotations
a wide range / gamut of connotations
le mot est pejorativement connoté
The word has pejorative undertones.
polysémique
polysemous
etre synonyme de
be synonymous with
des synonymes qui apparaissent en paire… // sain et sauf
doublets
multiple directions of thought
plurisignation
when one of the possible meanings is riqué or bawdy
double entendre
elision at the beginning of a word
aphaeresis
elision in the middle of a word
syncope
elision at the end of a word
apocope
addition at the beginning of a word without any change in meaning
prothesis
addition in the middle of a word without any change in meaning
epenthesis
addition at the end of a word without any change in meaning
paragoge
palindrome
palindrome
neologism only used once
nonce word
when two words are telescoped
portmanteau words
adjective that pre-modify the noun
attributive
adjective that follow the verb
predicative
un verbe qui marque un temps (he drives a lot, she went to Scotland)
finite verb
un verbe en -ing ou -ed (infinitive or participle : on opening the door ; tired as she was)
non-finite verb
complément circonstanciel
an adjunct
when the subordinate sentence is inserted in the middle of the main clause and splits it, it is called
embedding / nested
hypotactique (avec de nb subordonnées)
hypotactic
there + be + topical subject =…
existential sentence
it is John who said that
cleft sentence
the keys you’ll find in the drawer
fronting
villainy ! villainy ! villainy !
epizeuxis
repetition of questions
quaesitio
using several words which are synonymous or close in meaning
interpretatio
when statement can be understood in two different ways
amphibology
gradation ascendante
auxesis
gradation descendante
catacosmesis
arguing with oneself, asking q° and answering them
antypophora
humour noir
gallow humour
a conversation made up of clever replies and witticisms
repartee
dry and mocking humour
wry humour
une touch d’humour
a stroke of humour
satire indirecte (via comportement absurde des psg)
menippean satire
démolir les conventions de
to puncture the conventions of
la satire a pour cible
to aim one’s satire at
décrier les absurdités humaines
to decry human inconsistencies
s’élever contre
to inveigh against
une critique cinglante
a scathing criticism
accusation du vice
the arraignment of vice
prononcer une diatribe
to utter a diatrib against
prétérition
apophasis
a voice wich keeps hovering between self-pity and self-mokery
romantic irony
le sens immédiat, explicite
the ostensible meaning
le décalage entre ce qui est affirmé et ce qui est signifié
the discrepancy between what is asserted and what is meant
un centon
a cento
héroï-comique
mock-epic
le traitement déflationniste du thème de
the deflationary treatment of the theme of
un parallèle ridicule
a ludicrous parallel
l’imitation de
the mimicry of
un pathos qui aboutit à qqc de ridicule, commonplace
bathos
défamiliarisation -> image mise au premier plan = effet de ??
foregrounding
une image au sens fixe / flottant
fixed / floating
une image qui apparaît partout dans une oeuvre
obsessive image
une image tirée du champ de
an image drawn from the field of
la ligne prend une force symbolique
the line takes on a symbolic force
succession of metaphoros progressing climactically -> same tenor but different vehicles
exergasia
He is not a saint
a reverse metaphor
une métaphore usée, cliché / nouvelle
a hackneyed metaphor / fresh
une image evoquant ..
carries undertones of
Northrop Frye’s distinction between to styles : literary / close to diction
Hieratic / demotic
censurer des passages
to expurgate / bowdlerize passages
binary rythms, amplifications ->
ciceronian style
highly rhetorical, excessively balanced, affected style
euphuistic
affected, flamboyant, startling style (often Metaphysical poets)
marinism
highly ornamented style
asianism
affected and precious style
dandyism (Oscar Wilde, decadent writers of the end of the 19th cty)
an ornate and overwrought passage which sounds contrived and artificial is called a
purple patch
verbose, redundant style
otiose style / logorrhea
rambling and imprecise style
a prosy style
périmé, démodé
stale
un style banal
trite style
un style fort, simple et unpretentious
doric
effet de dentelle, de déchiquètement irrégulier
jaggedness
pejorative word to reer to specialized language
cant
déformer l’orthographe pour imiter un dialecte
eye-dialect
Les silhouettes se détachent sur un arrière-plan de
Figures are seen against a background of
tout est subordonné à la figure centrale
Everything is subordinated to the central figure
un portrait en buste
the portrait is a bust lengh
un portrait de la têt aux pieds
a full length
the contrast of light and shade
chiaroscuro
la lumière donne du relief au tableau
the lighting gives relief to the painting
the contours nets
strong outlines
la touche du peintre
the brushwork (broad, swift, brisk, free)
la distance entre la camera et la scène
the range of view
la prise de vue qui ouvert une séquence et montre le décor
the establishing shot
une vue sur le sujet qui remplit alors le cadre
full shot
un gros plan
close up
un zoom
zoom shot
importance égale de l’arrière plan et du premier plan
a deep focus shot
un vue d’oiseau
a bird’s eye view
un vue prise du sol
a low angle shot
un mouvement ou la caméra pivote horizontalement
a pan
