Describe Sp cards + Health Flashcards
Alleviate
(v.) to make easier to endure; lessen; mitigate-gentle regular exercise helps to alleviate the problem The medicine only served to alleviate the agony of his last moments
Prophylaxis
Prevention Medicine/Medical. the preventing of disease. the prevention of a specific disease, as by studying the biological behavior, transmission, etc., of its causative agent and applying a series of measures against it. The prophylaxis of disease is in Alexanders opinion the important part of the physicians duty. Prophylaxis against an opportunistic infection.
Opportunistic infection
any infection caused by a microorganism that does not normally cause disease in humans; occurs in persons with abnormally functioning immune systems (as AIDS patients or transplant patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs) Prophylaxis against an opportunistic infection (OI) is treatment given to HIV-infected individuals
AIDS HIV
A disease of the immune system due to infection with HIV One can get or transmit HIV only through specific activities. Most commonly, people get or transmit HIV through sexual behaviors and needle or syringe use. Injection drug users remain at significant risk for getting HIV. HIV can live in a used needle up to 42 days depending on temperature and other factors. ****************************** No. HIV is NOT transmitted: By hugging, shaking hands, sharing toilets, sharing dishes, or closed-mouth or “social” kissing with someone who is HIV-positive. Through saliva, tears, or sweat that is not mixed with the blood of an HIV-positive person. By mosquitoes, ticks or other blood-sucking insects. Through the air. ************************** There are more tools available today to prevent HIV than ever before. Choosing less risky sexual behaviors, taking medicines to prevent and treat HIV, and using condoms with lubricants are all highly effective ways to reduce the risk of getting or transmitting HIV. Many of the severe symptoms and illnesses of HIV disease come from the opportunistic infections that occur because your body’s immune system has been damaged This damage to the immune system makes it harder and harder for the body to fight off infections and some other diseases. Opportunistic infections or cancers take advantage of a very weak immune system and signal that the person has AIDS.
nutritious nutritional nutrition /njuːˈtrɪʃ.ən/ US /nuː-/
nutritious /njuːˈtrɪʃ.əs/ US /nuː-/ adjective containing many of the substances needed for life and growth: a nutritious diet Raw spinach is especially nutritious. —————————- The nutritional content of food is all the substances that are in it which help you to remain healthy. It does sometimes help to know the nutritional content of foods… Cooking vegetables reduces their nutritional value.
homeopathy
UK ALSO homoeopathy /ˌhəʊ.miˈɒp.ə.θi/ US /ˌhoʊ.miˈɑː.pə-/ noun [U] a system of treating diseases in which ill people are given very small amounts of natural
acupuncture /ˈæk.jʊ.pʌŋk.tʃəʳ/
Chinese method of treating pain and illness using special thin needles which are pushed into the skin in particular parts of the body
asthma
asthma /ˈæs.mə/ US /ˈæz-/ noun [U] a medical condition which makes breathing difficult by causing the air passages to become narrow or blocked: an asthma sufferer
Describe something healthy you enjoy doing. You should say what you do where you do it who you do it with and explain why you think doing this is healthy.
I’m going to describe a really healthy activity that I do, currently, which is swimming. I used to swim a lot when I was younger, but I’ve recently taken it up again, and I go a couple of times a week now. I go swimming in a gym that I joined, which has a nice swimming pool. I tried going to my local public pool, but it was too busy and you couldn’t really swim up and down in lanes there. So, I found a gym that has a pool, and it’s usually quite empty, and I can have a lane to myself and swim up and down. As I said, I do this hobby or activity alone. I don’t go there with anyone; it’s a solitary sport really, and I’m doing it for my own health reasons. Obviously, of course, there are other people in the pool when I’m there; sometimes you have to share a lane with another person or a couple of people. But, basically, I’m in there, focused, on my own, concentrating on my own swimming stroke and technique, and trying to improve my endurance and stamina as well. And the reason I think this is a healthy sport… well, I think it’s widely accepted that swimming is really healthy. It’s a good all-over body workout; it’s great cardiovascular exercise; it’s a low-impact sport, so you’re not expected to get any injuries as you might do if you were running, where there’s impact on the joints - with swimming you don’t have that. So I think it’s really good for the body, but it’s also good for the mind. When I get into the swimming pool, as soon as I hit the water it clears my mind; I’m focused only on one thing, which is my stroke, my technique, the breathing - it makes you think about your breathing as well, which is good. And I think it rejuvenates and reinvigorates you to be in the water. It’s a really relaxing experience.
Describe an indoor game that you enjoyed as a child. You should say what the game was where you played it who played this game with you and explain why you enjoyed it.
As a child I enjoyed playing chess. I think chess is probably the best known board game in the world. It’s a game for two players, and the aim is to defeat the other player by taking his or her pieces and eventually trapping his King. This final move is called checkmate. I remember that it was a classmate of mine at primary school who first taught me to play chess. He had a small, portable chess set, and once I knew how each piece moved, we started playing at break and lunch times; we played in our classroom or outside on the school playground. Later my parents bought me my own chess set as a birthday present so that I could play at home. I taught my younger brother to play, and at some point I joined the school chess club. There I had the chance to hone my skills against some of the older pupils, and in my final year of primary school I made it onto the school team. There were five of us on the team, and we competed against children from other primary schools in the same town. I liked playing chess because I enjoyed the challenge of thinking ahead and trying to outwit my opponent. I was probably seven or eight years old when I started playing, and it seemed like a very mysterious and intellectual game at that time. Also, although I loved winning, chess taught me to learn from my losses and to congratulate the person who had beaten me.
Describe a song or piece of music that you like. You should say what type of music it is where you first heard it who performs it and explain why you like this song or piece of music.
I’m going to describe one of my favourite pieces of music, which is the theme music from the James Bond films. This is the soundtrack that begins every one of these James Bond films, and you hear the instruments straight away - it’s an instrumental piece of music; there’s no singing, there are no lyrics, it’s just orchestra with electric guitar, and it begins every one of the James Bond films. So the first time I heard this soundtrack was probably when I was a child and I watched my first ever James Bond film on television, and I was immediately struck by the music, how impressive it was and how it gets you excited before the film’s even begun. The spectacular opening sequences that always begin any James Bond film, matched with this iconic music, are really exciting and memorable. This is performed, obviously, by an orchestra, but as I said, it incorporates electric guitar and some drums as well. So it’s a mix of popular and classical I’d say. I’m not sure who composed it, but I imagine any orchestra can play it. The reason I like this music then, is because of the expectation it creates at the beginning of a James Bond film. You know that you’re about to watch something special when you hear the first few notes of this soundtrack, of the theme music. It creates an expectation of adventure, mystery, excitement; I think it’s really dramatic and powerful to hear this music at the beginning of the film, and they always match it with a spectacular opening sequence, and I think you’re already on the edge of your seat before the film’s even begun because it’s a really special beginning to hear this music before the film gets going.
Describe a book that you enjoyed reading. You should say what the book was about how you found out about it why you chose to read it and explain why you enjoyed reading this book.
I’m going to describe a book that I really enjoyed reading recently. The name of the book was ‘Mindset’. It’s a non-fiction book and the author is called Carol Dweck. I’m not sure how to pronounce her surname properly, but she’s a psychology professor and so the topic of this book was related to personality and development and motivation. In particular, she was writing about people’s own personal views regarding ability. Some people, according to this author, believe that ability is innate - you’re born with it, you have a talent that you can’t change. Other people, on the other hand, believe that abilities can be improved through gradual hard work, and this is the area of personality that she’s looking at. So she divides the two types of people into people with a ‘fixed mindset’ and other people with a ‘growth mindset’; that’s why the name of the book is ‘Mindset’. These two mindsets are about whether you believe that our traits are fixed or, on the other hand, you think that we can grow and develop our talents through hard work. I found out about the book from a friend who’d read it, who recommended it, said it was really interesting. And I chose to read it because I thought, well, this could help me with my job, with my own aims or goals in life, and I’m interested in that kind or area, psychology, anyway. And I really enjoyed reading the book because it did open my eyes to motivation and people’s growth and development. I found it really informative, fascinating and even inspiring to see how we can improve ourselves. Note: As you can see, I spent most of the time describing the book, and I covered the other 3 points quite quickly. It’s fine to answer in this way - you don’t need to say an equal amount for each point; in fact, the points are there to guide you, but it isn’t compulsory to cover them all.
Describe a film that you would like to see in the future. You should say what the film is called what it is about how you heard about this film and explain why you would like to see it.
I’m going to talk about a film that I’d like to see when it comes out later this year. It’s the new James Bond film, and I saw in the news that it’s going to be called ‘Spectre’. I think ‘Spectre’ refers to the name of the imaginary criminal organisation that James Bond has to defeat in the film. As ‘Spectre’ hasn’t been released yet, I don’t know exactly what it will be about. But I can guess that the hero, Bond, is going to be on a mission to save the world from an archcriminal as usual. I’m sure it will be similar to most of the previous Bond films, with a plot line involving lots of twists and turns, and with Bond using his skills to defeat his nemesis in the end. I first heard about this film when I was watching the news a couple of months ago, and since then I’ve seen the official trailer on TV. There have also been various articles in newspapers discussing the actors who have been cast to play supporting roles in the film. The James Bond films are always big news here in the UK, probably because Bond himself is an English character. I’d like to see ‘Spectre’ at the cinema because I’m sure it will be full of action scenes and special effects, and I like the fact that Bond’s missions always take place in spectacular locations in different parts of the world. Of course Bond films are totally unrealistic, you could even say ridiculous. But they’re always fast, entertaining and fun, a bit like a roller-coaster ride!
