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PGY-4 Board Prep > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Macule vs Patch

A

macule <1cm

patch >1cm

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2
Q

Vesicles vs Bullae

A

0.5cm, less = vesicle, more = bullae

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3
Q

Pustule vs Abscess

A

pustule less than 1 cm

abscess greater than 1 cm

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4
Q

Phototherapy for Psoariasis

A

UVB, narrow band

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5
Q

ecthyma

A

streptococcal, impetigo variant

usually legs and feet with eschar present

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6
Q

Prophylaxis for cellulitis

A

> 3 episodes/year

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7
Q

Erythrasma

A

hyperpigmentation of skin folds

Corynebacterium, treat with oral macrolides

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8
Q

Dermatophytosis of non-hair–bearing skin

A

miconazole, clotrimazole, and ketoconazole

2-4 weeks

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9
Q

Dermatophytosis of hair–bearing skin

A

terbinafine or itraconazole

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10
Q

pityriasis versicolor

A

hypopigmented macules on back
short rod-shaped hyphae and round yeast (“spaghetti and meatballs”)
ketoconazole 2% shampoo or selenium sulfide suspension

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11
Q

scabies treatment

A

permethrin cream, repeat in 7 days

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12
Q

lice treatment

A

premethrin

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13
Q

Venous Stasis Ulcers

A

medial aspect of lower legs

can have lipodermatosclerosis

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14
Q

Arterial Ulcers

A

bony prominences

surrounding erythema, punched out

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15
Q

erythroderma, causes?

A

steroids, psoriasis

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16
Q

seborrheic dermatitis Rx

A

selenium or zinc preparations

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17
Q

Psoriasis, systemic therapy indications

A

> 10% body surface involvement

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18
Q

Rx for dermatitis herpetiform

A

dapsone

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19
Q

porphyria cutanea tarda

A

vesicles in sun exposed areas, skin fragility (usually hands)
etoh, hep c, hemochromatosis

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20
Q

lichen planus

A

pruritic purple polygonal papules likely on flexural surfaces

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21
Q

Aplasia Cutis Congenita

A

congenital absence of the skin, small, localized, usually scalp

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22
Q

Multiple Spots of Aplasia Cutis in Infant, think…

A

trisomy 13

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23
Q

Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum

A

first few days of life (usually not at birth)

small, pink pustules filled with eosinophils

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24
Q

Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis

A

pustules that become scaly, hyperpigmented macules

Neutrophils!

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25
PHACES Syndrome
``` P - posterior fossa abnormalities/Dandy Walker H - Hemangioma A - arterial anomalies C - cardiac defects, esp Coarc E - eye abnormalities S - sternal defects/supraumbilical raphe ```
26
Sturge Weber Syndrome
cerebral vascular malformation causing seizures, ID, glaucoma +/- associated with facial vascular malformations/port wine stains
27
Klippel-Trenaunay Snydrome
vascular malformation of extremities | soft tissue and/or limb overgrowth
28
Types of Contact Dermatitis
Allergic & Irritant Allergic - Type IV T cell mediated, delayed Irritant - direct damage to skin
29
Treatment of Contact Dermatitis
severe - at least 2-3 week taper of steroids
30
Lichen Simplex Chronicus
caused by repetitive scratching & itching
31
Xerotic Eczema / Xerotic Dermatitis
lower extremities of older individuals | dried up lesions/looks like a dried creek bed
32
Transient Acantholytic Dermatosis
pruritic red papules, usually in elderly individuals | cause unknown
33
Infants w/ large congential melanocytic nevus
melanoma risk 6-8%, highest during the first 5 years of life
34
Nevus of Ota
common in AA & Asians unilateral, irregularly speckled bluish-gray discoloration on face, esp peri-ortbital, slcera, etc Rare malignant transformation to melanoma
35
Melasma
patchy hyperpigmentation of the skin on the face. It can also be seen on the upper extremities usually due to pregnancy or OCP Rx hydroquinone
36
Polymorphous light eruption
young fair skinned women | tiny red bumps on skin, lasts for weeks
37
Rosacea versus Lupus
rosacea: includes nasolabial folds
38
Rosacea: treatment
topical flagyl, topical ivermetin, azelaic acid
39
Rosacea: treatment of erythema
brimidone, oxymetazoline (alpha 2 agonists)
40
Hidradenitis Suppurativa treatment
OCPs, spirolactones antibiotics adalimulab
41
Pitted Keratolysis
Rx clinda or BPs
42
Molluscum Contagious in Adults
- HIV | - STIs
43
Crowe Sign
small, grouped, freckle-like cauf au lait spots in axilla in groin NF1
44
Ichthyosis Vulgaris
AD fine, white scales on extensor surfaces; hyperlinear palms & soles improvements in summer & hot climates
45
X-linked recessive ichthysosis associations
presents in first months of life/birth | increased risk of GU disorders: undescended testes, underdeveloped penis & scrotum
46
Rule of 9s: Head & Neck
9
47
Rule of 9s: Arm
9
48
Rule of 9s: Leg
18
49
Rule of 9s: Anterior Trunk
18
50
Rule of 9s: Posterior Trunk
18
51
Solar Lentigines
"liver spots"
52
Pyogenic Granulomas
after trauma | common w/ pregnancy, HIV meds, retinoids
53
Keratoacanthoma
SCC versus benign variant pink nodule w/ central crater filled middle surgical excision
54
Bullous pemphigoid
urticarial and eczematous lesions that progress to tense bullae on an erythematous base
55
Pemphigus vulgaris
flaccid vesicles that rupture easily and leave erosions +Nikolsy sign common in oral + genital regios
56
Gorlin Syndrome
basal cell nevus syndrome - basal cell carcinoma in childhood - associated w/ ovarian cancer
57
Incontinentia Pigmenti (IP)
X-linked dominant disorder, lethal in males rash on baby girl --> patterened blistering along lines of Blaschko Delayed teeth eruptuion Strabismus
58
drug reaction occuring at same location with repeat exposure
fixed drug reaction
59
Pruritis, causes to think about
Uremia | Hodgkin Lymphoma
60
secondary eczematous eruption after contact dermatitis
ID reaction
61
occlusion-and-heat-related superficial clear skin vesicles
miliaria (heat rash)
62
Auspitz Sign
bleeding with removal of scale (psoriasis)
63
ABC(D)E of melanoma
>6mm
64
blue-black skin nodules
nodular melanoma
65
pregnancy related panniculitis of anterior legs
erythema nodosum
66
eczema charcterized by vesicles on sides of fingers
dyshidrotic (pompholyx)
67
Hemolytic Conditions associated with Sweet syndrome
MDS, AML
68
Imaging for erythema nodosum
CXR!
69
Red, scaly, polycyclic photosensitive rash
subacute cutaneous LE
70
Digital Pitting
Raynould/Scleroderma
71
Pyogenic Granulomas
red, friable | associated with pregnancy, acne & HIV meds
72
eruptive xanthomas
associated with high triglyceride levels
73
Xanthelsma classic condition
PBC
74
Bowen Disease
squamous cell carcinoma in situ | usually large, gradually enlarging plaque with crusting and scaling
75
Melanoma Treatment
Stage 1/2 - excision 3 - adjuvant such as interforn 4- anti-PD1 (pembrolizumab, nivoluzamab)
76
ACLE
malar rash or maculopapular
77
SCLE
photosensitive plaques or psoriasiform scaly plaques
78
DCLE
red-to-violet, thick plaques
79
Sweet Syndrome
acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis | red to violet juicy plaques and papules
80
Amyloidosis Skin Findings
waxy appearance pinch purpura - easy bruising with minor pressure raccoon eyes macroglossia
81
Time period for DRESS
2-6 weeks
82
Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis
medication (antibiotic) exposure within 1-2 days | fever, erythema, pustules
83
Sarcoidosis involving face
lupus pernio

PGY-4 Board Prep (18 decks)

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