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PGY-4 Board Prep > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Macule vs Patch

A

macule <1cm

patch >1cm

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2
Q

Vesicles vs Bullae

A

0.5cm, less = vesicle, more = bullae

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3
Q

Pustule vs Abscess

A

pustule less than 1 cm

abscess greater than 1 cm

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4
Q

Phototherapy for Psoariasis

A

UVB, narrow band

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5
Q

ecthyma

A

streptococcal, impetigo variant

usually legs and feet with eschar present

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6
Q

Prophylaxis for cellulitis

A

> 3 episodes/year

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7
Q

Erythrasma

A

hyperpigmentation of skin folds

Corynebacterium, treat with oral macrolides

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8
Q

Dermatophytosis of non-hair–bearing skin

A

miconazole, clotrimazole, and ketoconazole

2-4 weeks

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9
Q

Dermatophytosis of hair–bearing skin

A

terbinafine or itraconazole

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10
Q

pityriasis versicolor

A

hypopigmented macules on back
short rod-shaped hyphae and round yeast (“spaghetti and meatballs”)
ketoconazole 2% shampoo or selenium sulfide suspension

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11
Q

scabies treatment

A

permethrin cream, repeat in 7 days

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12
Q

lice treatment

A

premethrin

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13
Q

Venous Stasis Ulcers

A

medial aspect of lower legs

can have lipodermatosclerosis

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14
Q

Arterial Ulcers

A

bony prominences

surrounding erythema, punched out

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15
Q

erythroderma, causes?

A

steroids, psoriasis

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16
Q

seborrheic dermatitis Rx

A

selenium or zinc preparations

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17
Q

Psoriasis, systemic therapy indications

A

> 10% body surface involvement

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18
Q

Rx for dermatitis herpetiform

A

dapsone

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19
Q

porphyria cutanea tarda

A

vesicles in sun exposed areas, skin fragility (usually hands)
etoh, hep c, hemochromatosis

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20
Q

lichen planus

A

pruritic purple polygonal papules likely on flexural surfaces

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21
Q

Aplasia Cutis Congenita

A

congenital absence of the skin, small, localized, usually scalp

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22
Q

Multiple Spots of Aplasia Cutis in Infant, think…

A

trisomy 13

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23
Q

Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum

A

first few days of life (usually not at birth)

small, pink pustules filled with eosinophils

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24
Q

Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis

A

pustules that become scaly, hyperpigmented macules

Neutrophils!

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25
Q

PHACES Syndrome

A 
P - posterior fossa abnormalities/Dandy Walker
H - Hemangioma
A - arterial anomalies
C  - cardiac defects, esp Coarc
E - eye abnormalities
S - sternal defects/supraumbilical raphe
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26
Q

Sturge Weber Syndrome

A

cerebral vascular malformation causing seizures, ID, glaucoma
+/- associated with facial vascular malformations/port wine stains

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27
Q

Klippel-Trenaunay Snydrome

A

vascular malformation of extremities

soft tissue and/or limb overgrowth

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28
Q

Types of Contact Dermatitis

A

Allergic & Irritant
Allergic - Type IV T cell mediated, delayed
Irritant - direct damage to skin

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29
Q

Treatment of Contact Dermatitis

A

severe - at least 2-3 week taper of steroids

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30
Q

Lichen Simplex Chronicus

A

caused by repetitive scratching & itching

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31
Q

Xerotic Eczema / Xerotic Dermatitis

A

lower extremities of older individuals

dried up lesions/looks like a dried creek bed

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32
Q

Transient Acantholytic Dermatosis

A

pruritic red papules, usually in elderly individuals

cause unknown

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33
Q

Infants w/ large congential melanocytic nevus

A

melanoma risk 6-8%, highest during the first 5 years of life

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34
Q

Nevus of Ota

A

common in AA & Asians
unilateral, irregularly speckled bluish-gray discoloration on face, esp peri-ortbital, slcera, etc
Rare malignant transformation to melanoma

35
Q

Melasma

A

patchy hyperpigmentation of the skin on the face. It can also be seen on the upper extremities
usually due to pregnancy or OCP
Rx hydroquinone

36
Q

Polymorphous light eruption

A

young fair skinned women

tiny red bumps on skin, lasts for weeks

37
Q

Rosacea versus Lupus

A

rosacea: includes nasolabial folds

38
Q

Rosacea: treatment

A

topical flagyl, topical ivermetin, azelaic acid

39
Q

Rosacea: treatment of erythema

A

brimidone, oxymetazoline (alpha 2 agonists)

40
Q

Hidradenitis Suppurativa treatment

A

OCPs, spirolactones
antibiotics
adalimulab

41
Q

Pitted Keratolysis

A

Rx clinda or BPs

42
Q

Molluscum Contagious in Adults

A
  • HIV

- STIs

43
Q

Crowe Sign

A

small, grouped, freckle-like cauf au lait spots in axilla in groin
NF1

44
Q

Ichthyosis Vulgaris

A

AD
fine, white scales on extensor surfaces; hyperlinear palms & soles
improvements in summer & hot climates

45
Q

X-linked recessive ichthysosis associations

A

presents in first months of life/birth

increased risk of GU disorders: undescended testes, underdeveloped penis & scrotum

46
Q

Rule of 9s: Head & Neck

A

9

47
Q

Rule of 9s: Arm

A

9

48
Q

Rule of 9s: Leg

A

18

49
Q

Rule of 9s: Anterior Trunk

A

18

50
Q

Rule of 9s: Posterior Trunk

A

18

51
Q

Solar Lentigines

A

“liver spots”

52
Q

Pyogenic Granulomas

A

after trauma

common w/ pregnancy, HIV meds, retinoids

53
Q

Keratoacanthoma

A

SCC versus benign variant
pink nodule w/ central crater filled middle
surgical excision

54
Q

Bullous pemphigoid

A

urticarial and eczematous lesions that progress to tense bullae on an erythematous base

55
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris

A

flaccid vesicles that rupture easily and leave erosions
+Nikolsy sign
common in oral + genital regios

56
Q

Gorlin Syndrome

A

basal cell nevus syndrome

  • basal cell carcinoma in childhood
  • associated w/ ovarian cancer
57
Q

Incontinentia Pigmenti (IP)

A

X-linked dominant disorder, lethal in males
rash on baby girl –> patterened blistering along lines of Blaschko
Delayed teeth eruptuion
Strabismus

58
Q

drug reaction occuring at same location with repeat exposure

A

fixed drug reaction

59
Q

Pruritis, causes to think about

A

Uremia

Hodgkin Lymphoma

60
Q

secondary eczematous eruption after contact dermatitis

A

ID reaction

61
Q

occlusion-and-heat-related superficial clear skin vesicles

A

miliaria (heat rash)

62
Q

Auspitz Sign

A

bleeding with removal of scale (psoriasis)

63
Q

ABC(D)E of melanoma

A

> 6mm

64
Q

blue-black skin nodules

A

nodular melanoma

65
Q

pregnancy related panniculitis of anterior legs

A

erythema nodosum

66
Q

eczema charcterized by vesicles on sides of fingers

A

dyshidrotic (pompholyx)

67
Q

Hemolytic Conditions associated with Sweet syndrome

A

MDS, AML

68
Q

Imaging for erythema nodosum

A

CXR!

69
Q

Red, scaly, polycyclic photosensitive rash

A

subacute cutaneous LE

70
Q

Digital Pitting

A

Raynould/Scleroderma

71
Q

Pyogenic Granulomas

A

red, friable

associated with pregnancy, acne & HIV meds

72
Q

eruptive xanthomas

A

associated with high triglyceride levels

73
Q

Xanthelsma classic condition

A

PBC

74
Q

Bowen Disease

A

squamous cell carcinoma in situ

usually large, gradually enlarging plaque with crusting and scaling

75
Q

Melanoma Treatment

A

Stage 1/2 - excision
3 - adjuvant such as interforn
4- anti-PD1 (pembrolizumab, nivoluzamab)

76
Q

ACLE

A

malar rash or maculopapular

77
Q

SCLE

A

photosensitive plaques or psoriasiform scaly plaques

78
Q

DCLE

A

red-to-violet, thick plaques

79
Q

Sweet Syndrome

A

acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis

red to violet juicy plaques and papules

80
Q

Amyloidosis Skin Findings

A

waxy appearance
pinch purpura - easy bruising with minor pressure
raccoon eyes
macroglossia

81
Q

Time period for DRESS

A

2-6 weeks

82
Q

Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis

A

medication (antibiotic) exposure within 1-2 days

fever, erythema, pustules

83
Q

Sarcoidosis involving face

A

lupus pernio

PGY-4 Board Prep (18 decks)

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