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Year 4 Final > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Treatment for keloid scars?

A

Intra-lesional steorids

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2
Q

Most likely organism for fungal nail infection

A

Trichophytom rubrum

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3
Q

Management of fungal nail infection

A

If limited involvement- topical treatment with amorolfine
More extensive involvement give oral terbinafine

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4
Q

Management of athelets foot

A

Topical imidazole, undectonate or terbinafine first line

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5
Q

First line for rosacea?

A

Topical ivermectin

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6
Q

Drugs exacerbating plaque psoriasis

A

Truma
Alcohol
Beta blockers, lithium, antimalarials, NSAIDs, ACEI, infliximab
Withdrawl of steroids

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7
Q

First line oral abx in acne?

A

Tetracyclines

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8
Q

What is hidradentitis suppurativa?

A

Chronic, painful inflammatory skin disorder charatersied by development of inflammatory nodules, pustules, sinus tracts and scars in intertriginous areas

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9
Q

What is erythema ab igne?

A

Disorder caused by over exposure to infrared
Reticulated, erythematous patches with hyperpigmentation and telangiectasia
IF not treated risk of SCC

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10
Q

What is pityriasis versicolor

A

Superfiical fungal infection caused by malassezia furfur

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11
Q

What is dermatitis herpetiformis

A

Autoimmune blistering skin disoreder associated with coeliac
Caused by depisoition of IgA in the dermis

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12
Q

What are salmon patches?

A

Vascular birthmarks which usually self resolve

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13
Q

What are the causes of erythema nodosum?

A

Infection, systemic disease, malignancy, drugs, pregnancy

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14
Q

Most common bacteria in acne vulgaris?

A

Propionibacterium acnes

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15
Q

Lichen planus features

A

itchy, papular rash most common on the palms, soles, genitalia and flexor surfaces of arms
rash often polygonal in shape, with a ‘white-lines’ pattern on the surface (Wickham’s striae)
Koebner phenomenon may be seen (new skin lesions appearing at the site of trauma)
oral involvement in around 50% of patients: typically a white-lace pattern on the buccal mucosa
nails: thinning of nail plate, longitudinal ridging

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16
Q

What is pyogenic granuloma?

A

Overgrowth of blood vessels
Red nodules
Usually follows trauma
Can occur in crohns

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17
Q

What is keratocanthoma?

A

Dome-shaped erythematous lesions that develop over a period of days and grow rapidly
Contain a central pit of keratin
Then they begin to necrose and slough off

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18
Q

What can acne roseacea complication?

A

Blephatitis, keratitis and conjunctivitids

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19
Q

Causes of acanthosis nigricans?

A

type 2 diabetes mellitus
gastrointestinal cancer
obesity
polycystic ovarian syndrome
acromegaly
Cushing’s disease
hypothyroidism
familial
Prader-Willi syndrome
drugs
combined oral contraceptive pill
nicotinic acid

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20
Q

Appearance of types of melanomas

A

Superficial- Growing mole.
Noduar- Red or black lump or lump which bleeds or oozes
Lentigo- Growing mole but rarer. Slow growing
Acral lentiginous- Subungual pigementation or on palms or feet

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21
Q

What are dermoid cysts

A

Embryological remenants and may be lined by hair and squamous epithelium

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22
Q

First line lichen planus?

A

Topical steroids

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23
Q

Treatment of scalp psoriasis?

A

Topical potent corticosteroid

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24
Q

What is treatment for eczema herpeticum?

A

IV antivirals

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25
Most accurate method for assessing the extent of burn?
Lund and Browder chart
26
What size does a lipoma need to be to US it?
More than 5cm
27
What is hereditary haemorrhagic telagnectasia
Autosomal dominant condition characterised by multiple telangiectasia over the skin and mucuous membranes
28
What are psoriatic nail changes?
Affect both fingers and toes and dont relect severity of psoriasis but associated with psoriatic arthritis
29
What is onycholysis?
Seperation of the nail from the nail bed
30
Appearance of superficial epidermal burns?
Red and painful, dry, no blisters
31
Appearance of superficial dermal burns
Pale pink, painful, blistered, slow capillary refill
32
Appearance of deep dermal burns
White but may have patches of non blanching erythema Reduced sensation, painful to deep pressure
33
Appearance of full thickness burns?
White/brown/black No blisters No pain
34
First line cream for actinic keratoses
Fluorouracil cream
35
What is lichen sclerosus
Inflammatory condition that usually affects the genitalia and is more common in elderly females Leads to atrophy of the epidermis with white plques forming
36
Features of lichen sclerosus
White patches that may scar Itching May result in pain during intercourse or urination
37
What are stress ulcers in burns patients referred to as?
Curlings ulcers and may cause haematemesis
38
Causes of pyodermic gangrensoum
Idiopathic IBD Rheumatolgical Haematological Granulomatosis with polyangiitis Primary biliary cirrhosis
39
What is erythema multiforme?
Hypersensitivity reaction that is most commonly triggered buy infection Erythema multiforme mjor has mucosal involvement
40
What is pemphigoid gestationis
Pruitic blistering lesions
41
What is pellagra?
Nicotinic acid deficinecy 3Ds Dermatitis, diarrohea and dementia
42
Most significant complication of PUVA therapy?
SCC
43
Causes of hypertrichosis (androgen independent hair growth)
Drugs Congenital hypertrichosis langinosa, congenital hypertichosis terminalis Porphyria cutanea tarda Anorexia nervosa
44
What is pompholyx?
Type of eczema affecting both hands and feet
45
Antibodies in dermatitis herpetiformis
Anti-tissue transglutaminse antibody
46
Most effective treatment for prominent telangiectasia in rocasea
Laser therapy
47
Features of zinc deficinecy?
acrodermatitis: red, crusted lesions. acral distribution, peri-orificial, perianal alopecia short stature hypogonadism hepatosplenomegaly geophagia (ingesting clay/soil) cognitive impairment
48
Features of a keratocanthoma?
Look like a volcano or crater Initally a smooth dome shpaed papule but rapidly grow to become a crater filled with keratin
49
What is pomphyoloyx eczema?
Eczema which affects the hands and feet
50
What is erythema multiforme most commonly caused by?
Infections
51
What is calciptrol?
Vitamin D analogue that reduces epidermal prolieration. Used in psoriasis treatment
52
List of triggers for worsening episodes of psoriasis?
BLANQ Beta blockers Lithium Alcohol/Aces NSAIDs Quinine
53
When should adults and chilren be given IV fluids for a burn?
Adults- Cover more than 15% BSA Children-10%
54
First line for facial hirsutism?
Topical eflornithine
55
What is Bowens disease?
Precanerous form of scc
56
First line for verucca?
Salicyclic acid
57
First line for head lice?
Malathion
58
What is pretibial myoxderma?
Symmetrical, erythematous lesions seen in Graves disease. Shiny, orange peel skin
59
Appearance of pityriasis rosacea?
Herald patch followed 1-2 weeks later by multiple erythematous, slightly raised oval lesions with a fine scale confined to the outer aspects of the lesions. May follow a characteristic distribution with the longitudinal diameters of the oval lesions running parallel to the line of Langer. This may produce a 'fir-tree' appearance
60
What is porphyria cutanea tarda?
most common hepatic porphyria. It is due to an inherited defect in uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase or caused by hepatocyte damage e.g. alcohol, hepatitis C, oestrogen.
61
What us Sebrrhieic dermatitis in adults associated with?
HIV Parkinson's
62
Treatment of adrenaline induced ischaemia?
Phentolamine
63
If in doubt for skin give what abx?
Flucloxacillin
64
Steroid memory aid?
HEBD Mild- Hydrocorisone Moderate- Eumovate Potenent- Betnovte Very potent- Dermovate
65
First line for psoriasis?
Potent topical corticosteroid OD and topical vitamin D OD applied at different times And emollient
66
Who is usually affected in flexural psoriasis?
Old people
67
What is erythema migrans found in?
Lyme disease
68
What is pemphigoid gestationis
Pruitic blistering lesions

Year 4 Final (39 decks)

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