Acute Med Flashcards
What is base excess?
The amount of strong acid or base required to restore pH to normal (normal is BE +2 to -2)
What is hypercapnia?
Too much carbon dioxide in the blood
CD4 count of AIDS
Less than 200
Features of granulomatosis with polyangitis?
URT: Epistaxis, sinusitis, nasal crusting
LRT: Dysponea and haemoptosis
Rapid progeessive glomeruloneprhitis
Saddle shaped nose
Vasculitic rash, eye involvment, cranial nerve lesions
Most common investigations for palpiations to exclude an arrhythmia?
Holter monitoring
How long does acute graft failure occur post transplant?
6 months
What is burgers disease and what can it also be called?
Thromboangiitis obliterans
Small and medium vessel vasculitiis
When should dialysis be considered in AKI?
When a patient is not respodning to medical treatment of complications for example hyperkalaemia, pulmonary oedema, acidosis or uraemia
Management of hepatic encephalopathy?
NICE recommend lactulose first-line, with the addition of rifaximin for the secondary prophylaxis of hepatic encephalopathy
What is alports syndrome?
Defect in the gene which codes for type IV collagen resulting in abnormal GBM
WHat score should be done for a suspected PE?
Wells score
Features of rhabdomyloyisis?
acute kidney injury with disproportionately raised creatinine
elevated creatine kinase (CK)
myoglobinuria
hypocalcaemia (myoglobin binds calcium)
elevated phosphate (released from myocytes)
hyperkalaemia (may develop before renal failure)
metabolic acidosis
Causes of rhabdomyolysis?
seizure
collapse/coma (e.g. elderly patients collapses at home, found 8 hours later)
ecstasy
crush injury
McArdle’s syndrome
drugs: statins (especially if co-prescribed with clarithromycin)
Trichmonas vaginalis treatment
Oral metronidazole
What does a posterior MI look like on an ECG?
ST depression not elevation
