Depth perception

Question 1

Oculomotor cues

Answer 1

Cues based on sensing the position of our eyes and the tension in the eye muscles
Binocular convergence: if objects are closer, eyes converge but if its further away it divergs
Accommodation: expand and contract lens, thicker lens have a shorter focal length/distance and focus objects closer

Question 2

Monocular cues

Answer 2

1. accommodation
2. Pictorial cues
   - Occlusion
   - relative to height
   - Familiar and relative size
   - Perspective convergence - roads
   - atmospheric perspective
   - Texture gradient - smoothness further away
   - Shadows -more shadow = more further away - light comes from above - bulging or cavity
3. movement-based cues
   - Motion parallax and deletion and acceraltion
   - Faster the object the closer it is
   - The longer a object is in the scene when moving, the further away it is

Question 3

Binocular disparity

Answer 3

both eyes see different images
horopter is point in space where both eyes see the same image

Question 4

correspondence problem

Answer 4

Retinal images can be ambiguous which can be avoided by colouring obejct

Question 5

size constancy

Answer 5

The ability to perceive objects as the same size despite the closer visual angle being bigger
This is achieve by considering both the size of the retinal image and the distance to the object

Question 6

Holway and boring

Answer 6

Result showed that access to more depth cues increased the accuracy of size
To estimate size accurately , accurate estimation needs to be done on depth, distance
More depth cue= better estimate perceive size and distance

Question 7

Size illusion

Answer 7

Caused by making people mistake the distance of an object so that it appears smaller than it really is
Closer = appear smaller
further= appear larger

Question 8

horopter

Answer 8

Is a plane containing all points that will fall ont he correspopnfing parts of the tow retinas
All objects that fall on the horopter fall on corresponding parts of the retina
Behind the horopter = further out of the retina
In from of the horopter = inner eye

Question 9

Binocular disparity - relative disparity and absolute disparity

Answer 9

Left and right eye visual system are different therefore its retinal images are different
point of fixation does not alter relative disparity - distance between retinal images
Absolute disparity does change- absolute position of the retinal image on the eye changes and thus absolute disparity changes
closer = more outwards in the retina

Question 9

Binocular disparity - relative disparity and absolute disparity

Answer 9

Left and right eye visual system are different therefore its retinal images are different
point of fixation does not alter relative disparity - distance between retinal images
Absolute disparity does change- absolute position of the retinal image on the eye changes and thus absolute disparity changes
closer = more outwards in the retina