dentin and pulp complex Flashcards
dentin has some ______ (mechanically supports harder overlying enamel) and has tight scalloped ______
elasticity, dentinoenamel junction
dentin by weight is _____ inorganic material, ______ organic material and ____ water
70%, 20%, 10%
the inorganic material of dentin includes ________ and the organic material includes ______ collagen and _______ matrix proteins
calcium hydroxyapatite crystals, type 1 (3 and 4), non-collagenous
in dentin type ______ collagen forms scaffold for mineral, although type ______ is amongst the first secreted
I, III
primary dentin includes _____ dentin and ______ dentin
circumpulpal, mantle
circumpulpal dentin includes _______ dentin and _______ dentin
peritubular, intertubular
mantle dentin forms the ______
dentinoenamel junction
secondary dentin is deposited after _____ formation
root
tertiary dentin is ______ dentin containing odontoblasts that is formed in reaction to a stimulus like caries or dental procedure
reparative
dentin forms much of the tooth and is similar to ____
bone
dentin contains _______ located on the _____ surface of dentin adjacent to the pulp
odontoblasts, inner
peritubular dentin is found at the _____ of the tubules and is _____ mineralized
walls, highly
intertubular dentin is found between the ______ and is _____ mineralized
tubules, highly
the primary dentin (mantle + circumpulpal) is formed before completion of the _______ and is rapidly _____ and _______ mineralized
apical foramen, formed, highly
the circumpulpal dentin is the main body of the ______ dentin containing tubules and is formed after the ______ dentin
primary, mantle
mantle dentin is the outermost layer near ________ underneath the enamel and is the ______ dentin formed
dentinoenamel junction, first
secondary dentin is formed after the completion of the _______ and is _____ formed and _____ mineralized
apical foramen, slower, less
tertiary dentin is formed as a result of localized ______ to exposed dentin and has irregular course of tubules that are not well _______ and placed ______
injury, organized, rapidly
canaliculus is a part of the primary dentin with cytoplasmic connection between ______ processes
odontoblast
predentin is ________, analogous to osteoid during bone formation and contains mostly collagen type ____ (lower levels of type ___ and ____), dentin _______, substratum for mineralization and the ______ secrete the collagen
unmineralized, I, III, V, phosphoprotein, odontoblasts
predentin is secreted at a rate of _____ per day
4um
Major noncollagenous matrix
proteins of dentin
– Dentin phosphoprotein/phosphophoryn (______)
– Dentin sialoprotein (____)
– Dentin glycoprotein (_____)
– Dentin matrix protein I (_____)
– ______
– Bone sialoprotein (______)
– _______
DPP, DSP, DGP, DMP1, Osteonectin, BSP, Osteopontin
secondary dentin develops after root _______, is a narrow band bordering the ______, deposits at around ______ per day, has fewer ______, and is formed at greater amounts near the roof of the _______ to protect the pulp horns
completion, pulp, 1um, tubules, pulp chamber
in tertiary dentin odontoblasts differentiate at site of injury and produce dentin with
______ and ______ tubules
sparse, irregular
Dentinogenesis begins during the bell
stage and dentin is a cellular product produced by ______
odontoblasts
Odontoblasts differentiate from
ectomesenchymal cells of the _______ and need to differentiate into
protein secreting cells
dental papilla
________ of the inner enamel epithelium induce odontoblast formation and differentiation.
Presecretory ameloblasts
The process of dentinogenesis starts first in the ______ of the developing tooth (coronal dentin), then later in the ______ (root dentin), a process driven by Hertwig’s root sheath
cuspal region, root
during the formation of odontoblasts, cells of the inner enamel epithelium reverse _____, ectomesenchymal cells adjoining the acellular zone rapidly ______ and ______ and become preodontoblasts and then odontoblasts, the odontoblasts differentiate and increase in size to occupy the acellular zone between the ______ and the presecretory ________.
polarity, enlarge, elongate, dental papilla, ameloblasts
When presectory ameloblasts change
_______ then odontoblasts appear
polarity
pre-odontoblasts proliferation and differentiation begins with the division of ______ cells, after mitosis one daughter cell remains undifferentiated while the other differentiates into an _______
precursor, odontoblast
Deciduous teeth root dentin finishes _____
months after eruption and permanent teeth finishes _____ years after eruption
18, 2 – 3
in preodontoblasts there is more cytoplasmic
organelles, including _______ endoplasmic reticulum and ________ and the nucleus becomes ______ within the cell, i.e., it is now
located at the _______ of the cell away from the inner enamel epithelium
rough, Golgi complexes, polarized, base
secretory odontoblasts are tall columnar cells with extensive ______ endoplasmic reticulum, elaborate _______ and secretory vesicles, they synthesize and elaborate _______ and these cells now secrete Type ____ collagen
and ground substance extracellularly in
much the same way as fibroblasts.
rough, Golgi complexes , extracellular
material, I
Unmineralized dentin is ______
predentin
Odontoblasts elaborate a small
cellular process within the secreted
predentin which will become embedded in enamel at the dentinoenamel junction later and will be known as the ________
enamel spindle.
As the odontoblasts migrate towards
the _____ as more dentin is formed
the odontoblastic processes becomes
longer and are embedded within the
dentine in ______
pulp, tubules
First sign of dentinogenesis is deposition of _______ fibers initiating predentin formation which contain collagen type ____ fibers, with fibronectin
von (Von) Korff’s, III
during dentinogenesis ________ is deposited, dentine matrix ______ then appear and vesicles grow and then release _____
collagen, vesicles, matrix
Mineralization of dentin tends to occur in small, round discrete areas called
_______
calcospherites
calcospherites eventually coalesce to form a globular solid mass of mineralized dentin but if they do not fuse completely, we see regions of uncalcified dentin called ________
inter- globular dentin
Linear calcification forms when mineralization progresses ______
slowly
Globular calcification occurs when there are mineralization _____ that continue to grow _____
foci, larger
Sclerotic dentin occurs when the dentinal tubules become ______ and this dentin increases with _____
occluded, age
Tubules in _______ may fill with bacteria, they stain darkly in histologic sections and odontoblast processes in these tubules may disintegrate leaving behind an empty tubules referred to as a ______
carious lesions, dead tract
Odontoblasts deposit dentin in daily increments and every 5 days there is a change in orientation of collagen fibers resulting in the incremental lines of _______
von Ebner
Contour lines _______ are exaggerated incremental lines that reflect changes in _______ status or ______ in the
individual during the period of dentinogenesis and _____ also
correlates with formation of a contour line
of Owen, nutritional, disease, birth
The pulp is derived from the mass of the _______
dental papilla
Dental pulp is ________ and has a pulp chamber and a root canal that terminates as _______
connective tissue, apical foramen
pulp is connective tissue with 4 zones that include _______ layer, cell (partially) ______ zone of Weil, cell _____ zone and the _____ core
odontoblastic, “free”, rich, pulp
the odontoblastic layer lines outer ______ wall and consists of cell bodies of odontoblasts, which may form ______ dentin, causing cell bodies to realign themselves; cell bodies of afferent axons from dentinal tubules located between cell bodies of odontoblasts
pulpal, secondary
the cell free zone contains fewer cells than odontoblastic layer and the ________ and _______ are located here
nerve plexus of Raschkow, capillary plexus
the cell rich zone contains increased density of cells compared with cell-free zone and more extensive ______
vascular supply
the pulpal core is located in center of _______ and is similar to cell-rich zone with many cells and extensive _______
pulp chamber, vascular supply
Other cells types in pulp include:
* ________ that make pulp matrix
* Undifferentiated ________ cells (dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs)). These cells are a rich resource for the dentin-pulp complex because they can transform into fibroblasts or odontoblasts if either cell population is reduced after injury.
* _________
* _________ (Mostly T)
* _________ cells (antigen presenting cells)
Fibroblasts, ectomesenchymal, Macrophages, Lymphocytes, Dendritic
the extracellular matrix of pulp includes collagen (__ and ___) with matrix components
such as ________, _______, and ______
I, III, glycosaminoglycans, glycoproteins, water
The pulp contains __________ plexi which describes blood vessels and the nerve plexus of ______ for nerve fibers
fenestrated capillary, Raschkow
sensory nerve fibers can track with _______ processes into the dentin tubules for signaling
odotoblasts
dentin/pulp complex is sensitive with the application of cold ____ or _____, mechanical _____ or _______ to dentin all result in pain
air, water, contacts, dehydration
aging will cause a decrease in volume of
_______ due to continued deposition of dentin, reduction of _________, reduced cell _______ with an increase of fibrous bundles, loss of ______ and ______ sensitivity, and ______
pulp chamber, vascular supply, density, axons, pulp, calcifications
________(calcified masses) can reduce the overall number of cells within the pulp and act as an impediment to débridement (removal of dead/unhealthy tissue)
Pulp stones
aging can cause dentin to gradually reduce in ______, cause complete closure or translucent ______ dentin, increase _______, and cause ______
diameter, sclerotic, brittleness, dead tracts
