Dental Health

Question 1

What are the causes of toothache?

Answer 1

tooth decay
abscess
damage filling
repetitive motions

Question 2

Red flags for toothache

Answer 2

fever, pus, swelling, headaches

Question 3

Tx options for toothache

Answer 3

Ace/NSAIDs
Heat/cold packs
topical benzocaine
clove oil

Question 4

What does topical benzocaine?

Answer 4

orajel
no relief if pain is from the tooth itself

Question 5

What is best for teething children?

Answer 5

teething rings are great
gives them something to massage the gums with

Question 6

What are canker sores?

Answer 6

white/cream colored painful

Question 7

What are some differential diagnosis for canker sores?

Answer 7

hand and foot mouth
mucoele
drug induced ulcers
stomatitis
mouth cancer

Question 8

Pharm tx for canker sores

Answer 8

benzocaine
po analgesics

Question 9

Rx pharm tx for canker sores

Answer 9

oracort paste

Question 10

Describe cold sores

Answer 10

caused by HSV
last 7-10 days
lips around nostril
we can help with ones the are just starting to tingle
be concern for lesion that last for > 2-3 wks

Question 11

Non drug for cold sores

Answer 11

reduce stress
protect from sun
don’t pop or squeeze them
lip balm

Question 12

OTC tx for cold sores

Answer 12

docosanol –> abreva

Question 13

Rx tx for cold sores

Answer 13

valacyclovir and acyclovir

Question 14

Describe regiment for valacyclovir

Answer 14

oral
2 g BID (for 2 doses)

Question 15

Describe regiment for acyclovir

Answer 15

5% /HC 1%
AAA 5 times daily for 5 d

Question 16

What is oral thrush?

Answer 16

creamy white lesions along tongue or cheeks
can be painful/burning
may bleed slightly when scrapped

Question 17

Risk factors for Oral thrush

Answer 17

DM
HIV
Anemia
leukemia
xerostomia

Question 18

Medication that can cause oral thrush

Answer 18

inhaled CS
broad antibiotics
chemo

Question 19

Other ways to get oral thrush

Answer 19

poor oral hygiene
having dentures
being a baby

Question 20

Prevention of oral thrush

Answer 20

asthma - garling water after
seniors –> clean dentures overnight
babies –> clean pacifiers

Question 21

Pharm agents for oral thrust

Answer 21

Gentian Violet
Nystatin

Question 22

What is gentian violet 1% soln?

Answer 22

used for oral thrush
effective
not recommended anymore

Question 23

Dose for nystatin

Answer 23

infants < 1 yr 1-200,000 U QID (sweep with Q-tip)
children 500,000 QID (retain in mouth than swallow)

Question 24

What should be counselled on for nystatin?

Answer 24

helps with sx within 24 -48 hrs continue 48 after cured
may cause GI upset

Question 25

What are some causes of dry mouth?

Answer 25

common in elderly pt.
rad/chemo
mouth breathing
chronic disease (HIV, alzheimer)
medication
short term causes (viral)

Question 26

Non pharmacological treatment for dry mouth

Answer 26

sipping water
sugar free gum/hard candies
humidifier during sleep

Question 27

Pharmacological tx for dry mouth

Answer 27

saliva substitutes (oral balance or biotene)

Question 28

What is angular cheilitis?

Answer 28

dry rips @ corner of mouth

Question 29

What is gingivitis?

Answer 29

gum become red
bleed easily
refer to dentist

Question 30

What is TMJ?

Answer 30

clicking, popping sounds in jaw joints
painful/discomfortable