Demography (2)

Question 1

Epidemiology

Answer 1

The incidence, distribution and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health

Question 2

Individual perspective

Answer 2

Focus on health, risk factors, exposures, casual mechanisms in people as individuals

Question 3

Population perspective

Answer 3

Focus on disorders ‘mass disease’, exposures, casual mechanisms in people as a group

Question 4

Birth rate =

Answer 4

Live births in one year/mid-year population

expressed per 1000 per year

Question 5

General fertility rate =

Answer 5

Number of births in one year/number of women of reproductive age

Question 6

Mortality

Answer 6

Calculated for specific subgroups (gender and age) and combined as a weighted average > ‘age-adjusted’ or ‘age-standardised’ separated by gender

Question 7

Life expectancy

Answer 7

Number of years lived after age…/number of people who reached age…

Summarisation of mortality rates at each age

Question 8

Period life expectancy

Answer 8

Moves with age

Question 9

Cohort life expectancy

Answer 9

Allows for known/projected changes in mortality in later years, more appropriate

Question 10

Natural increase

Answer 10

Differences between birth and death rate

Question 11

Demographic transitions

Answer 11

General pattern of changes in death rates, population growth and birth rates, appears during process of modernisation

Question 12

TFR

Answer 12

Total fertility rate, 2 is replacement level