Demographics Flashcards
What is the population pyramid?
Pyramid which is comprised of a series of horizontal bar graphs which represent different ages.
Where is the male population shown on the population pyramid?
Left of the vertical axis
What does the population pyramid demonstrate?
Demonstrates the age and sex structure of a population
What else does the population pyramid demonstrate?
Population dynamics
Where is the working age depicted on the population pyramid?
The middle, usually between 15 and 60
What does a large number of young population indicate?
High birth rate
What do large numbers of older population indicate?
High life expectancy
What do bulges indicate?
Higher fertility than normal or mass immigration event.
What are the categories the population is usually divided into?
Children, under 15
Adults, between 15 and 64
Older Adults, above 65
What is the dependency ratio?
The ratio of the dependent part of the population (children and older adults), to the productive part (adults)
What has happened to the 65+ ratio in developed countries?
It has risen
In which countries has the 0 to 14 ratio decreased?
Developed countries
What is Qatar’s dependency ratio?
Dropped from 80 to 18
Where us the dependency ratio 50?
Europe and Arab nations
What is the ratio like in conflict or poor regions?
About 80
What are the three pyramid models?
Expanding population
Stable population
Contracting population
What is an expanding population?
High crude birth rates, usually in developing countries
What model represents a country with crude birth and death rates?
Stable populations, usually in developed countries
What is a contracting population?
Crude death rates exceed the birth rate, usually seen in developed countries
What is the demographic transition?
Illustrates the population growth in terms of changes in both birth and mortality rates.
How do you calculate the crude death rate?
(Number of deaths in a calendar year divided by the midyear population) x 1000
How do you calculate crude birth rate?
(Number of births in a calendar year divided by midyear population) x 1000
What is termed as general fertility rate?
When the denominator in the crude birth rate is replaced by the female adult population
What is the total fertility rate?
The sum of age-specific births among adult females multiplied by 5
What is considered an insufficient total fertility rate.
Less than 2000
What is life expectancy (at birth) influenced by?
Infant mortality rate
What does a high life expectancy portray?
Goof indicator of health and socio-economic development
How is population growth calculated?
Growth rate = crude birth rate - crude death rate
What is stage 1 of demographic transition model?
Extremely high birth and death rates
What do extremely high birth and death rates indicate?
That there is little to no change in population
The Black Plague, Pandemics, and Wars are all examples of what kind of demographic transition stage?
Stage 1
What is the second stage of demographic transition model?
Early expanding, receding pandemics: high birth rates but declining death rates
What usually causes stage 2?
Advances in medicine and hygiene.
What happens in stage 2?
Population growth is high
What is the third stage?
Late expanding and non-communicable diseases: declining birth rates and continued declining death rates
What is stage 4?
Low stationary, delayed communicable diseases: low birth rates and low death rates
What is stage 5?
Contracting: countries that have undergone de-industrialisation
What happens in stage 5 and why?
A natural decrease in population due to birth rates falling below death rates.
Which country is the most notable to be in stage 5?
Japan
What is a threat in stage 5?
Re-emergence of neglected tropical diseases
What stage is Qatar in?
Stage 3
Why is dependency rate in Qatar low?
Anomaly created by mainly male migrant population but also female migrant population masking the shape of the expanding population
