Degenerative Brain Disease Flashcards
what is multiple sclerosis
demyelination of axons due to inflammatory change
what are the symptoms of MS
muscle weakness, visual disturbance, paraesthesia, autonomic dysfunction, dysarthria, pain, balance/hearing loss
what are the signs of MS
muscle weakness, spasticity, altered reflexes, tremor, optic atrophy, proprioceptive loss, loss of touch
what investigations are used for MS
history and examination, MRI, CSF analysis, VEF
what is seen on an MRI when looking for MS
plaques on brain
what are the types of MS
relapsing and remitting, primary progressive type
describe the relapsing and remitting type of MS
acute exacerbations and periods of respite
describe the primary progressive type of MS
slow steady progressive deterioration
what is used for symptomatic management of MS
antibiotics, antispasmodics, analgesia, steroids
physiotherapy and occupational therapy
what drugs can be used for relapsing and remitting MS
disease modifying therapies (cladribine)
what do we need to consider dentally for MS
limited mobility, treat under LA, enhanced trigeminal neuralgia
when should we be worried that a patient might have MS
orofacial motor and sensory disturbance
what is motor neuron disease
degeneration in the spinal cord in corticospinal tract
what does MND present like
progressive loss of motor function in limbs, intercostals, diaphragm, motor cranial nerves
what is the cause of death with MND
ventilation failure or aspiration pneumonia
