Defintions Quiz Truck Flashcards
1.__________________________ — Signal given to the incident commander that a specific area has been checked for victims and none have been found or all found victims have been extricated from an entrapment.
- All Clear
- __________________________ — Open area in the center of a building, extending through two or more stories, similar to a courtyard but usually covered by a skylight, to allow natural light and ventilation to interior rooms.
- Atrium
- __________________________— The temperature at which autoignition occurs through the spontaneous ignition of the gases or vapor given off by a heated material.
- Autoignition Temperature
- __________________________ — Ignition that occurs when a sub- stance in air, whether solid, liquid, or gaseous, is heated sufficiently to initiate or cause self-sustained combustion without an external ignition source.
- Autoignition
- __________________________ — Instantaneous explosion or rapid burning of superheated gases that occurs when oxygen is introduced into an oxygen-depleted confined space. The stalled combustion resumes with explosive force. It may occur because of inadequate or improper ventilation procedures. Very rapid, often explosive burning of hot gases that occurs when oxygen is introduced into an oxygen-depleted con- fined space. It may occur because of inadequate or improper ventilation procedures.
- Back Draft
- ___________________________ — Type of structural framing used in some single-story and multistory wood frame buildings wherein the studs are continuous from the foundation to the roof. There may be no fire stops between the studs.
- Balloon Frame Construction
- _______________________— Open web truss constructed entirely of steel, with steel bars used as the web members.
- Bar Joist
8.________________________— Rapid vaporization of a liquid stored under pressure upon release to the atmosphere following major failure of its containing vessel; failure is the result of over-pressurization caused by an external heat source, which causes the vessel to explode into two or more pieces when the temperature of the liquid is well above its boiling point at normal atmospheric pressure.
- Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion (BLEVE)
- ________________________ — Lightweight truss design noted by the bow shape, or curve of the top chord.
- Bowstring Truss
- ______________________ — Amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit. One Btu = 1.055 kilo joules (kJ).
- British Thermal Unit
- ___________________ —Heel (lower end) of a ladder.
- Butt
- ___________________ — Safety procedure used in rescue work. When rescuers work in a hazardous area at least two rescuers must remain in contact with each other at all times.
- Buddy System
- ______________________ — A steel or aluminum D-shaped snap link device for attaching components of rope rescue systems together.
- Carabiner
- __________________ — Cancer-producing substance.
- Carcinogen
- ____________________ — Temperature scale on which the freezing point is 0 degrees and the boiling point at sea level is 100 degrees. Also known as Centigrade scale.
- Celsius Scale
- _________________ —Movement of smoke being blown out of a ventilation opening only to be drawn back inside by the negative pressure created by the ejector be- cause the open area around the ejector has not been sealed. Also called recirculation.
- Churning
- _________________ — Concealed space between the top floor and the roof of a structure.
- Cockloft
- ____________________ — Device that indicates the explosive levels of combustible gases.
- Combustible Gas Indicator
- ______________________ — An exothermic chemical reaction that is a self-sustaining process of rapid oxidation of a fuel, that produces heat and light.
- Combustion
- _________________________________ — The systematic venting of a structure by controlling which windows and doors are opened at any given time.
- Compartmentalization
21.________________________________— Generic term used to describe a high-energy foam-generation system consisting of an air compressor (or other air source), a water pump, and foam solution that injects air into the foam solution before it enters a hoseline.
- Compressed Air Foam System (CAFS)
- _________________ — Physical flow or transfer of heat energy from one body to another through direct contact or an intervening medium from the point where the heat is produced to another location or from a region of high temperature to a region of low temperature.
- Conduction
- _________________— System of barriers surrounding designated areas at emergency scenes intended to limit the number of persons exposed to the hazard and to facilitate its mitigation. At a major incident there will be three zones — restricted (hot), limited access (warm), and support (cold).
- Control Zone
- _________________ — Transfer of heat by the movement of heated fluids or gases, usually in an upward direction.
- Convection
- _________________ — Horizontal layer of individual masonry units.
- Course
- _________________ — Vertical boards; fire-resistive half-walls that extend down from the underside of the roof of some commercial buildings and are intended to limit the spread of fire, heat, smoke and fire gases.
- Curtain Boards
- _______________________ — Movable part of a deadbolt lock that extends from the lock mechanism into the door frame to secure the door in a locked position.
- Dead Bolt
- ______________________— Weight of the structure, structural members, building components, and any other feature permanently attached to the building that is constant and immobile. Load on a structure due to its own weight and other fixed weights.
- Dead Load
29.________________________________________— Safety system on an SCBA that allows two units to be hooked together in the event that one fails.
- Emergency Escape Breathing Support System (EEBSS)
- ______________________ — Temperature scale on which the freezing point is 32°F (0°C) and the boiling point at sea level is 212°F (100°C) at normal atmospheric pressure.
- Fahrenheit Scale
- ____________________— A specially constructed, tested, and approved fire-rated door assembly designed and installed to prevent fire spread by automatically closing and covering a doorway in a fire wall during a fire to block the spread of fire through the door opening.
- Fire Door
- _____________________ — Model of the four elements/conditions required to have a fire. The four sides of the tetrahedron represent fuel, heat, oxygen, and chemical chain reaction. Fire Triangle — Plane geometric figure of an equilateral triangle that is used to explain the conditions necessary for fire. The sides of the triangle represent heat, oxygen, and fuel. The fire triangle was used prior to the general adaptation of the fire tetrahedron that includes a chemical chain reaction.
- Fire Tetrahedron
33.________________ — Fire rated wall with a specified degree of fire resistance, built of fire-resistive materials and usually extending from the foundation up to and through the roof of a building, that is designed to limit the spread of a fire within a structure or between adjacent structures.
- Firewall
- ____________________— Stage of a fire at which all surfaces and objects within a space have been heated to their ignition temperature and flame breaks out almost at once over the surface of all objects in the space.
- Flashover
- ________________ — Extendable section of ground extension or aerial ladder.
- Fly Section
- ____________________— Water stream of finely divided particles used for fire control.
- Fog Stream
- _______________________ — Techniques used by fire personnel to gain entry into buildings, vehicles, aircraft, or other areas of confinement when normal means of entry are locked or blocked.
- Forcible Entry
- ________________________ — Wood strips fastened to a wall, floor, or ceiling for the purpose of attaching a finish material.
- Furring Strips
- _____________________ — Form of gusset plate. These thin steel plates are punched with acutely V-shaped holes that form sharp prongs on one side that penetrate wooden members to fasten them together.
- Gang Nail
- ______________________ — Widely used interior finish material. Consists of a core of calcined gypsum, starch, water, and other additives that are sandwiched between two paper faces. Also known as gypsum wallboard, plasterboard, and drywall.
- Gypsum Wallboard
- ____________ — Fastening device consisting of a loop, eye, or staple and a slotted hinge or bar; commonly used with a padlock.
- Hasp
- ______________________— Course of bricks with the ends of the bricks facing outward.
- Header Course
- ______________________ — Scientific measurement of how much heat is available for transfer to human skin (or any other surface).
- Heat Flux
- ______________________ — Total amount of thermal energy (heat) that could be generated by the combustion (oxidation) reaction if a fuel were completely burned. The heat of combustion is measured in British Thermal Units (Btu) per pound or calories per gram.
- Heat of Combustion
- ______________________— Total amount of heat produced or released to the atmosphere from the convective-lift fire phase of a fire per unit mass of fuel consumed per unit time.
- Heat Release Rate (HRR)
- __________________________ — Petroleum-based organic compound that contains only hydrogen and carbon.
- Hydrocarbon Fuel
- _________________________ — Steel or wooden structural member consisting of top and bottom flanges joined by a center web section so that the cross section resembles a capital I.
- I-Beam
48.________________________________________— Any atmosphere that poses an immediate hazard to life or produces immediate irreversible, debilitating effects on health. A companion measurement to the permissible exposure limit (PEL), IDLH concentrations represent concentrations above which respiratory protection should be required. IDLH is expressed in ppm or mg/m3.
- Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH)
- ___________________________ — Written or unwritten plan for the disposition of an incident. The IAP contains the overall strategic goals, tactical objectives, and support requirements for a given operational period during an incident.
- Incident Action Plan (IAP)