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Key Perspectives & Debates in Criminology > Decolonising Criminology > Flashcards

Decolonising Criminology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the key readings?

A

Hogg et al & Carrington et al

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2
Q

What are the key points from Carrington et al?

A

The south referred to as a divide, economically
Decreasing ‘global poverty’ has caused a ‘decline in global inequality
Large divisions within the Global North economically
Being ‘underdeveloped…was not the normal…condition of particular countries so labelled but commonly a consequence of their subordinate place in the global economic order

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3
Q

What are the key points from Hogg et al?

A

Neo-imperialism involved economic and knowledge flows across a continuous space
The US and UK ‘publish more indexed journals than the rest of the world combined
Less circulation in the Global North of the journal when there is an Australian author
Knowledge being ‘driven by economic motives
Dominance of social science journals in ‘North Atlantic world and that of Anglophone countries

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4
Q

How did the industrial revolution occur in the UK?

A

Through the slave trade, turning it into an advanced nation

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5
Q

What are the links of critical criminology and decolonisation?

A

Radicalisation
Social + historical structure= America and UK working together to removing the Iranian PM from power in 1953
The criminological imagination

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6
Q

What are the pains of colonisation?

A

Genocides accompany processes of conquest (Mexico, 15th C), killed due to disease from Spain during the colonialisation, Britain stealing the valuables from the Spain after they stole from Mexico)
Indonesia
North America (genocide of Native Americans)
India (19th, UK maintained famines)
Borderline made in other countries by UK (control of the world)

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7
Q

What is colonialism?

A

A practice of domination which involves the subjugation of one people to another

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8
Q

What does colonialism refer to?

A

To the late 19th century european scrambles for Africa snd Asia
The destruction of memory

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9
Q

What occurred in 1850 with the British Empire?

A

Indian civil war

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10
Q

What occurred in 1860s-1900s?

A

Scramble for Africa (Britain, France + Germany)

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11
Q

What occurred in 1940s?

A

The Bengal famine, the crime of partition

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12
Q

What occurred in 1950s?

A

Kenya, Suez + the wind of change (decolonisation)

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13
Q

What is US imperialism?

A

The expansion of the US influence to other countries

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14
Q

What is the US referred to as?

A

The world’s policement as it prevents national liberation struggles through spheres of influence

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15
Q

What occurred through US imperialism?

A

Gulf wars= Iran (1953), Iraq (1991) & Afghanistan
Anti-communism wars with Korea, Cuba + Vietnam

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16
Q

Who speaks about the history of colonialism?

A

Agozino 2004

17
Q

What is colonialism in criminology? Agozino

A

Criminology was born at the height of European colonialism, employed by imperialism to build a science to control others
Enlightenment period caused racial taxonomy
Lack of rep of indigenous topics
Push against interventions of the racial Other

18
Q

What does criminology constitute in colonialism?

A

An intrinsically colonial discipline
Theories establish by colonialism being imposed on and by silencing alternative perspectives from non-Western parts of the world

19
Q

Where is criminological knowledge production situated?

A

In Giobal North’s English-speaking countries

20
Q

What has social science succeeded in?

A

Representing itself
Widely accepted as universal, timeless and placeless

21
Q

Who speaks of sociology?

A

Connell, 1997

22
Q

What does Connell say?

A

Sociology needs to be understood as shaped by imperialism and as embodying a cultural response to the colonised world

23
Q

What does the Southern theory (Connell) suggest?

A

Presents the thought of a variety of social theorists from formerly colonised and peripheral societies including settler-colonial countries such as Australia

24
Q

What does Southern Criminology suggest we should do?

A

Reframe criminology as an epistemological and political project

25
Q

What does southern criminology result in?

A

Shifting focus from the state CJS to global inequalities, transnational crime + postcolonial politics

26
Q

What are the aims of Southern criminology?

A

Recify these omissions by adding new and diverse perspectives to criminological research agendas to make them more inclusive and benefits of the world we live in

27
Q

What are the lessons from the global south?

A

International criminal tribunal in Rwanda
Transitional justice in argentina

28
Q

Who looked at international criminal tribunal in Rwanda?

A

Viebach, 2018

29
Q

What are the main points from Viebach?

A

The role of the international criminal tribunal for rewards
Trauma on trial
Language of law and inability to hear trauma on the witness stands
Relationship between trauma and witnessing and memory making

30
Q

Who looked at the transitional justice in Argentina?

A

Quiros, 2018

31
Q

What are the key points from Quiros?

A

Argentina as a space that modelled individual state responsibility for state crime
High level human rights prosecutions against repressive military dictatorships
Ordinary crimes co-exist with those relating to truth memory and justice and authoritarian past
Impact on structure and practice of the CJS and representations of penality
Judicalisation of state crimes and military has opened the door

32
Q

What are the criticisms of southern criminology?

A

Anything new or simply a variant of comparative observation
Misinterpreting, neglecting, and silencing earlier and contemporary works from the Global South
Failing to provide and embed an adequate theorisation of colonialism
Being dominated by Global North (particularly Australian) scholars (Moosavi 2019)

33
Q

What is indigenous criminology?

A

Purposeful strategy of delegitimizing Indigenous knowledge and social-cultural practices
Dispossession, Dislocation and Cultural Trauma
‘Stolen Generations’ and Indigenous Child Removal
Government Fraud and Child Labour

34
Q

What occurred in 2017 with indigenous criminology?

A

Canadian Indigenous tribes declare state of emergency due to worsening drug crisis

35
Q

Who looked at indigenous criminology?

A

Shephard et al 2020

36
Q

What did Shephard et al find?

A

1/5 indigenous male Australians have or are currently incarcerated

Key Perspectives & Debates in Criminology (8 decks)

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