Deck 7

Question 1

clone

Answer 1

An organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced

Question 2

sexual reproduction

Answer 2

type of reproduction in which cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism

Question 3

crossing over

Answer 3

Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.

Question 4

Meiosis I

Answer 4

Separates homologous chromosomes

Question 5

Meiosis II

Answer 5

sister chromatids separate

Question 6

Metaphase I

Answer 6

Pairs of homologous chromosomes move to the equator of the cell.

Question 7

Anaphase I

Answer 7

Homologous chrmosomes move to the oppisite poles of the cell.

Question 8

Telophase I

Answer 8

Cytoplasm divides, 2 daughter cells are formed

Question 9

Meiosis I

Answer 9

Homologous chromosomes separate. Ends with the production of 2 haploid daughter cells.

Question 10

dihybrid cross

Answer 10

A cross between individuals that have different alleles for the same gene

Question 11

F1 generation

Answer 11

the first generation of offspring obtained from an experimental cross of two organisms

Question 12

F2 generation

Answer 12

Offspring resulting from interbreeding of the hybrid F1 generation.

Question 13

Genotype

Answer 13

genetic makeup of an organism

Question 14

Heterozygous

Answer 14

An organism that has two different alleles for a trait

Question 15

Homozygous

Answer 15

An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait

Question 16

law of independent assortment

Answer 16

the law that states that genes separate independently of one another in meiosis

Question 17

Law of Segregation

Answer 17

first law of heredity stating that pairs of alleles for a trait separate when gametes are formed

Question 18

Gene

Answer 18

DNA segments that serve as the key functional units in hereditary transmission.

Question 19

monohybrid cross

Answer 19

A cross between individuals that involves one pair of contrasting traits

Question 20

P generation

Answer 20

Parental generation, the first two individuals that mate in a genetic cross

Question 21

Phenotype

Answer 21

An organism’s physical appearance, or visible traits.

Question 22

Punnett Square

Answer 22

A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross

Question 23

principle of dominance

Answer 23

Mendel’s second conclusion, which states that some alleles are dominant and others are recessive

Question 24

Recessive

Answer 24

An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present

Question 25

Trait

Answer 25

Characteristics that are inherited

Question 26

true-breeding

Answer 26

Organisms that, when reproducing, create offspring of all the same variety.

Question 27

Non-Mendelian Inheritance

Answer 27

A type of inheritance that does not follow strict patterns of dominant vs. recessive

Question 28

incomplete dominance

Answer 28

situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another

Question 29

Codominance

Answer 29

A condition in which neither of two alleles of a gene is dominant or recessive.

Question 30

sickle cell anemia

Answer 30

hereditary disorder of abnormal hemoglobin producing sickle-shaped erythrocytes and hemolysis