Deck 6 Flashcards
cell cycle
series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
Interphase
period of the cell cycle between cell divisions
parent cell
original cell before cell division
Mitosis
cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes
Cytokinesis
Division of the cytoplasm during cell division
daughter cell
a cell formed by the division or budding of another cell
Histone
protein molecule around which DNA is tightly coiled in chromatin
Chromosome Condensation
Folding up of the chromosomes prevents transcription
Centromere
Area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached
Diploid
containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.
Homologous
Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure
Allele
An alternative form of a gene.
Haploid
An organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes.
Centromere
Region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach
somatic cell
Any of the cells of a plant or animal except the reproductive cells.
Meiosis
Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms
germ cell
a reproductive cell
Gamete
Specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction
Zygote
Fertilized egg
tumor suppressor gene
a gene that codes for regulator proteins that prevent the cell from undergoing uncontrolled division
Photo-oncogene
Genes that encourage cell division.
Mutation
A rare change in the DNA of a gene, ultimately creating genetic diversity.
Mutagen
A chemical or physical agent that interacts with DNA and causes a mutation.
Carcinogen
Cancer causing mutagen.
sister chromatid
one of a pair of identical chromosomes created before a cell divides
Prophase
Chromatin condenses into chromosomes
Metaphase
Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
Anaphase
Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell
Telophase
the final stage of meiosis when the chromosomes move toward opposite ends of the nuclear spindle
asexual reproduction
Process by which a single parent reproduces by itself
