Decarboxylases Pg 99-101 NOT DONE Flashcards

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1
Q

Twenty different amino acids occur naturally in proteins. Each amino acid molecule has a ________, _________, and a _______ attached to its first carbon atom

A

Carboxyl group (-COOH)
Amino group (-NH2)
Radical (side chain of atoms)

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2
Q

In order to breakdown amino acids, some microorganisms produce a specific enzyme which will split an amino acid by removing the carboxyl group and yielding ________. This enzyme is _________.

A

Carbon dioxide gas. Decarboxylase .

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3
Q

What is the microbial degradation of proteinaceous materials with the formation of foul-smelling products such as amines.

A

Putrefaction

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4
Q

_________ & ________ are formed by the decarboxylation of lysine and ornithine

A

Cadaverine and putrescine

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5
Q

Decarboxylase equation

A

Decarboxylase
Amino acid ——-————> Amine + CO2 gas

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6
Q

Which genera of bacteria are difficult to distinguish from each other? How to we test to tell them apart?

A
  • Klebsiella, Enterobacter, and Citrobacter
    -telling them apart by testing their abilities to decarboxylate different amino acids
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7
Q

What else are these tests useful for?

A

Useful for distinguishing species. The amino acids most useful are lysine, arginine, and ornithine.

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8
Q

How do we tests for the decarboxylation of lysine, a broth which contains the amino acid lysine?

A

A fermentable carbohydrate (basal medium), and bromcresol purple indicator, is inoculated.

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9
Q

Before incubation, what is layered on top of the broth to create an anaerobic condition.

A

Sterile mineral oil

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10
Q

During incubation at 37 degrees Celsius, the bacteria first ferment the _________ creating an ______.

A

Carbohydrate
Acid

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11
Q

If the bacteria can produce lysine decarboxylase, the lysine will be decarboxylated producing CO2 gas and leaving the lysine amine which does what to the pH?

A

Raises the pH above 6.3

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12
Q

Bromcresol purple is what color above pH 6.3
An what color below that pH?
Arginine and ornithine tests are similar

A

Is purple (basic)
And yellow (acidic) below the pH

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