Data Interprentation Powerpoint

Question 1

Hyperkalaemia ECG Changes

Answer 1

Peaked T waves
Prolonged PR interval
Widened QRS
Loss of P waves
Loss of R wave amplitude 
Asytole

Question 2

Management of hyperkalaemia

Answer 2

Treat underlying cause 
Calcium gluconate 
Insulin dextrose infusion 
Nebulised salbutamol 
Dialysis

Question 3

Diseases with electrolyte patterns

Answer 3

Addison’s- NA (low) K (high) Ca (high)

Cushings- Na (high) K (low) Ca (low)

Conns- Na (high or normal) K (low)

Question 4

Raised urea and creatinine

Answer 4

Both raised in renal failure

Question 5

Raised urea and relatively normal/slightly raised Cr

Answer 5

Dehydration/ hypovolaemia/ AKI??
GI haemorrhage
High protein diet

Question 6

Difference between acute and chronic renal failure using blood results

Answer 6

CKD shows the following;

Anaemia
Low calcium
High phosphate

Question 7

LFT’s

Answer 7

Non specific- bilirubin, AST, ALP, y GT, albumin

Specific- ALT

Question 8

Expected pO2 on oxygen

Answer 8

Percentage oxygen they are on- 10

Question 9

ABG

Answer 9

Comment on compensation- partial or full

Question 10

ECG only shows tachycardia

Answer 10

Answer- sinus tachycardia (provides narrow QRS complexes)

Ventricular tachycardia- wide QRS and no p or t waves. Will still have them in sinus tachycardia

Question 11

Management of DKA

Answer 11

Follow local policy- insulin therapy, fluid replacement, potassium replacement
Involve seniors eg. Consultant endocrinologist
Monitoring in a critical care area

Question 12

Sepsis 6

Answer 12

Give O2/ IV ABX/ IV fluids

Take blood cultures/ lactate and FBC/ measure urine output

Question 13

Anaemia In bowel perforation

Answer 13

Anaemia due to the blood loss

Is it chronic from an ulcer or carcinoma?

Question 14

AF in an emergency setting

Answer 14

Precipitated by the illness/ new onset or is this pre-existing (old ECG/ GP). Need to know as this can determine treatment

Question 15

Pneumonia in the osce station

Answer 15

CURB 65- confusion, urea 7+, RR 30+, BP less than 90 or 60, age 65+

Question 16

Relative hypoxia

Answer 16

Even if O2 in normal range- think what it should be on 60% oxygen (should be 50%)

Question 17

Asthmatic that has type 1 resp failure

Answer 17

Say you are worries as they may develop type 2 if they start to tire eg. CO2 is beginning to creep up

Intubation and ventilation may be required

Involve seniors and critical care