Cytoskeleton Flashcards
1
Q
Sizes of Fillaments
A
- Actin (microfilaments) smallest
- Intermediate filaments
- microtubules largest
2
Q
Cytochalasin D
A
- Toxin to filaments
- inhibits polymerization
- binds to + end
3
Q
Phalloidin
A
- Toxin to filaments
- inhibits polymerization
- death cap mushroom
- used to stain filaments
- treatment: eat raw meat
4
Q
Polymerization regulators
A
- Thymosin beta 4
- Profilin
- Cofilin
- Capping proteins
- formin
5
Q
Thymosin beta 4
A
- polmerization regulator
- sequesters protein that promotes ATP G-actin binding
- works with profilin
6
Q
Profilin
A
- polymerization regulator
- promotes swapping ADP for ATP G-actin
7
Q
Capping Proteins
A
- polymerization regulator
- Binds to F-actin to prevent treadmilling
- Cap Z = + end
- tropomodulin = - end
8
Q
formin
A
- polymerization regulator
- dimer
- starts nucleation
9
Q
Actin subtypes
A
- Alpha actin
- beta actin
- gamma actin
10
Q
A - actin
A
- contractive structures (filopodia)
11
Q
B actin
A
- leading edge structures
- cell locomotion
12
Q
G actin
A
stress fibers
13
Q
Types of intermediate filaments
A
- keratin
- desmin
- neurofilaments
- lamin
14
Q
microtubules
A
- made of 13 protofilaments
- made of alpha & beta tubulin
- pigments, allow for animals camouflage (flounder melanosis)
- have MAPs
15
Q
MAPs
A
- Microtubule Associated Protein
16
Q
F - Actin
A
- opsonization
- phagocytosis
17
Q
Tau
A
- MAP
- keeps microtubules in tact
- associated with parkinsons and alzheimers
18
Q
MAP2 + Tau experiment
A
- tau antisense effects axon
- MAP2 antisense effects dendrites
19
Q
XMAP215
A
increase polymerizatoin
20
Q
CLASP
A
increase polymerization
21
Q
Kinosin 13 and Stathmin
A
increases depolymerization, destablize
22
Q
Katanin
A
aids synaptic pruning
23
Q
Kinesin
A
- molecular motor
- anterograde transmission (negative to positive)
- away from nucleus
24
Q
Dynein
A
- molecular motor
- retrograde transmission (positive to negative)
- towards nucleus
