Cell cycle Flashcards
1
Q
Anucleate Cells
A
- have no nucleus
- skin cells
- 3 lens fibers
- RBCs
2
Q
Nuclear envelope
A
- outer part of nucleus
- 50% pores
- connected to ER
3
Q
Nucleoplasmin
A
- pentamers
- first chaperone protein discovered
- nucleosome assembly
- genome stability
- transcription regulation
enters nuceus via ATP dependent receptors on nuclear pores
4
Q
Lamin
A
- intermediate filament only found in nucleus
- A, B, and C types
- interconnects chromatin to form nuclear skeleton
5
Q
Lamin B
A
- phosphorylated by MPF
- associated with dissolution of nucleus in prophase M
6
Q
Get cells to stall at G1
A
- Amino Acid deprivation
- Serum deprivation
- protein synthesis inhibition
7
Q
get cells to stall at M
A
microtubule inhibitors
8
Q
get cells to stall at S
A
DNA synthesis inhibitors
9
Q
Cyclins and CDK
A
- bind together to activate
- initiates mitosis
- phosphorylates proteins for DNA synthesis
- controls metaphase-anaphase transition
10
Q
Cyclin D
A
- forms CDK4/6
- regulates mitosis, less functional in cancer
- promotes G1 ==> S
11
Q
Early Response / Late response genes
A
- early response genes promote protein synthesis of proteins that promote cell division and differentiation, activate late response genes
- late response genes wil promote protein synthesis of proteins that aid in DNA synthesis and repair
12
Q
G1 checkpoint
A
- checks if ready for DNA synthesis
- checks external factors
- checks if cell is big enough
- checks resources for cell division
- pardee point either committs to S or reverts to G0
- p53
13
Q
S phase
A
- occurs solely in nucleus
- DNA unwound and replicated identically (sister chromatids)
- 2 chromatids on 1 centromere (x like structure)
14
Q
Replicons
A
in charge of the S phase
15
Q
Replication in low CDK state
A
- ORC (origin recognition complex) is on DNA
- Cdc6 and Cdt1 (ATP binding proteins) attach to ORC
- Cdc6 and Cdt1 bind MCM helicase to ORC
- MCM helicase unwinds the DNA for replication
