CVS - Pharmacokinetics & drug interactions of antihypertensives

Question 1

What is pahrmacokinetics

Answer 1

the study of drug moevment in, through and out of the body

Question 2

What do ACE inhibitor do?

Answer 2

Prodrug inhibitors ACE (competitive inhibitor)

lowers angiotensin II

lowers RAAS activity

Question 3

ACEi - what does it cause?

Answer 3

Arterial and venous vasodilation

Decrease blood volume

Downregulation of sympathetic activity

Suppression of hypertrophy (cardiac and vascular)

Question 4

ARB

Answer 4

Angiotensin II receptor

sartan drugs

Question 5

Losartan, hwo it works and treatment

Answer 5

it is an angiotensin receptor BLOCKER

used to treat hypertension and diabetic nephropathy, used to reduce risk of stroke

lowers BP and ^ blood to heart

Question 6

How is losartan metabolised?

Answer 6

In liver

Question 7

CCB

Answer 7

canclium channel blockers, dipine drugs

Question 8

Dihydropyridine calcium channel blcokers (CCB: amlodipine)

Answer 8

amlodipine - used to treat hypertnsion and angina

vasodilators

Question 9

What are two types of CCB?

Answer 9

1. dihydropyridine (…dipine drugs) – act on smooth muscle cells of blood vessels, decrease vascular resistance and ↓↓bp
2. non-dihydropyridine – greater effect on heart, less effective for vasodilation vessels

Question 10

What does grapefruit effect when taking amlodipine?

Answer 10

^^ exposure to calcium-channel blockers

Question 11

what is thiazide-like diuretic used for?

Answer 11

treat hypertension as well as edema due to congestive heart failure.