CVS Anatomy

Question 1

What are the three layers of pericardium

Answer 1

Fibrous

Serous: viscera and parietal

Question 2

What does the phrenic nerve supply and what type of fibres

Answer 2

Pleura 
Pericardium 
Peritoneum 
Diaphragm - just motor 
(Thorax)

Question 3

Where is pericardial fluid located

Answer 3

In between the two serous layers - visceral and parietal

Question 4

What is the function of the pericardial fluid

Answer 4

Prevent friction

Protects from shock and motion

Question 5

What lies on the posterior surface of the heart

Answer 5

Left atrium and pulmonary vessels

Question 6

Which surface has large vessels and the right atria?

Answer 6

Right pulmonary surface

Question 7

What is the anterior surface?

Answer 7

Right ventricle

Question 8

What supplies your left ventricle

Answer 8

Left coronary artery (bifurcates into LAD and LMA and CX

And posterior inter-ventricular.

Question 9

Which chambers of the heart would be affected if there was a thrombus in the RCA

Answer 9

Right atrium
Sa and av nodes
posterior 1/3 IVS
Right and left ventricles

Question 10

Name in order the arch of the aorta

Answer 10

Brachiocephalic
Left common carotid
Left subclavian

Question 11

What does the brachiocephalic trunk bifurcate into

Answer 11

Right subclavian

Right common carotid

Question 12

What originates from the left coronary sinus

Answer 12

Left coronary artery

Question 13

Where does your right coronary artery arise from

Answer 13

Right coronary sinus - at the base of the aorta. Just as it leaves the left ventricle

Question 14

At what level does the arch of the aorta start and finish

Answer 14

T4 and T5

Question 15

What is the ought border of the heart

Answer 15

Right atrium

Question 16

What is the inferior border of the heart

Answer 16

Left and right ventricle

Question 17

What is the border which covers the left ventricle and some of the left atrium

Answer 17

Left border

Question 18

What is the superior border of the heart

Answer 18

Right and left atrium and great vessel

Question 19

What fossa ovalis

Answer 19

Closed hole between the left and right atrium

From embryologically

Question 20

What prevents inversion/ backflip of the tricuspid valve

Answer 20

Papillary muscles and the chordae tendinae

Question 21

What is the crista terminalis

Answer 21

Smooth muscular ridge which divides the two parts of the right atrium

Question 22

What is the right auricle

Answer 22

The auricle acts to increase the capacity of right atrium

Question 23

What is the endocardium

Answer 23

Innermost layer if the cardiac wall

Question 24

What is the endocardium

Answer 24

Innermost layer of the cardiac wall

Made up of loose connective tissue and simple squamous epithelium.

Question 25

What is the function of the endocardium

Answer 25

Regulates contractions and aids cardiac embryologically development

Question 26

Where are the purkenje fibres located

Answer 26

Subendocardial layer

Question 27

What is the effect of damage to the su endocardium layer

Answer 27

Heart arrhythmia

Question 28

What is the myocardium

Answer 28

Comprises of cardiac muscle and striated involuntary muscle - responsible for heart contraction

Question 29

Subepicardial layer

Answer 29

Joins the myocardium and epicardium

Question 30

What is at t4/T5

Answer 30

``` Sternal angle Second costal cartilages Bifurcation of the trachea Start and end of the aortic arch Division between the super and inferior mediastinum ```

Question 31

Name the parts mediastinum

Answer 31

Superior Middle Posterior Anterior

Question 32

Name the three indentations of the Barium Swallow

Answer 32

The aorta Left bronchus Left atrium