CVS

Question 1

what are the 4 heart valves?

Answer 1

aortic
mitral
pulmonary
tricuspid

Question 2

what heart valves are tricuspid?

Answer 2

tricuspid
aortic
pulmonary

Question 3

what heart valve is bicuspid?

Answer 3

mitral valve

Question 4

what type of blood comes into the RA and where does it come from?

Answer 4

deoxygenated blood from around the body through the vena cava

Question 5

what does the right ventricle do?

Answer 5

gets blood from RA and contracts pushing the deoxygenated blood through the pulmonary valve and into the pulmonary artery on the way to the lungs

Question 6

what does the left atrium do?

Answer 6

gets oxygenated blood on its way back from the lungs through the pulmonary vein
contracts pushing the blood into the left ventricle

Question 7

what does the left ventricle do?

Answer 7

gets blood from the left atrium and contracts sending the blood through the aortic valve, into the aorta and round the body

Question 8

what side of the heart is thicker?

Answer 8

the left as it has to pump blood all the way around the body

Question 9

where does the aortic valve allow blood flow?

Answer 9

from the left ventricle to the aorta

Question 10

where does the mitral valve allow blood flow?

Answer 10

from LA to LV

Question 11

where does the pulmonary valve allow blood flow?

Answer 11

from right ventricle to pulmonary artery

Question 12

where does the tricuspid valve allow blood flow?

Answer 12

from RA to RV

Question 13

what are chordae tendinae?

Answer 13

strong connections between atrioventricular valves that allow opening and closing (contract to close)

Question 14

what is atrial and ventricular septal defect?

Answer 14

incomplete closure of foramen ovale

Question 15

what is the most dangerous type of septal defect?

Answer 15

ventricular as it allows mixing of types of blood

Question 16

what is the pacemaker of the heart?

Answer 16

sinoatrial node

Question 17

what does the modulator band of the heart allow for?

Answer 17

rapid conduction to anterior papillary muscles to help with conduction time

Question 18

what are purkinje fibres and what is their function?

Answer 18

conducting fibres that maintain heart rate by creating synchronised contraction of ventricles

Question 19

what are the 2 layers of the pericardium?

Answer 19

fibrous
serous

Question 20

what is the pericardium?

Answer 20

fibrous sack that encloses the heart

Question 21

what does the fibrous layer of the pericardium do?

Answer 21

anchors heart to diaphragm
prevents overfilling of the heart

Question 22

how many layers does the serous layer of the pericardium have and what is there functions?

Answer 22

visceral - inner layer that lines the outer surface of the heart
parietal - has serous lubricating fluid that reduces friction between layers while beating

Question 23

where does the superior vena cava carry blood?

Answer 23

deoxygenated blood from the head neck and upper limbs to the heart

Question 24

where does the inferior vena cava carry blood?

Answer 24

deoxygenated blood from the organs and limbs below the heart to the heart

Question 25

where is the pulmonary trunk?

Answer 25

leaves the right ventricle at the pulmonary valve

Question 26

what carries blood to supply each lung?

Answer 26

the right and left pulmonary arteries

Question 27

where does the aorta carry blood?

Answer 27

oxygenated from the heart to the body

Question 28

where do the coronary arteries arise from?

Answer 28

the root of the aorta

Question 29

what supplies blood to the heart?

Answer 29

coronary arteries

Question 30

what are the 3 branches of the aortic arch?

Answer 30

brachiocephalic trunk
left subclavian
left carotid artery