Cutaneous Infections and Infestations

Question 1

Why is cellulitis treated?

Answer 1

it may progress to septicemia

Question 2

What is the tx for cellulitis?

Answer 2

Abx

Question 2

How are dermatophytes stained? How will they appear?

Answer 2

with KOH; as hyphae or arthrospores

Question 3

What stains can be used to ID Syphilis?

Answer 3

Warthin-Starry or modified Steine stain

Question 4

What is another name for Erysipelas?

Answer 4

St. Anthony’s fire

Question 4

What does Malassezia furfur cause?

Answer 4

Tinea (Pityriasis) Versicolor

Question 5

What is Erysipelas?

Answer 5

cellulitis of the face, characterized by sharply demarcated area of erythema (cliff-drop border) that demonstrates non-pitting edema (lesions are often painful)

Question 5

What is the tx for Syphilis?

Answer 5

2.4 million units of benzathine penicillin as a single IM dose

Question 6

What are truncal, tan colored, scaly macules that can develop into large patches due to Malassezia furfur infection?

Answer 6

Tinea (Pityriasis) Versicolor

Question 7

Name the 3 most common dermatophytes.

Answer 7

1. Trichophyton 2. Microsporum 3. Epidermophyton

Question 8

How is tinea treated?

Answer 8

topical or systemic antifungals

Question 9

What is secondary syphilis?

Answer 9

lesions 4-10 weeks post primary infection due to lymphatic spread. includes: - Non-pruritic papulosquamous lesions with varying degrees of scale that vary from red to read-brown to violaceous in color - Nonscarring “moth-eaten” alopecia - palmar/plantar rash

Question 10

What is Verruca vulgaris and what causes it?

Answer 10

a common wart; HPV types 1, 2, or 4

Question 10

What is Tinea corporis?

Answer 10

infection of non-hairy skin

Question 11

What is Syphilis?

Answer 11

an infection of Treponema pallidum, a spirochete, that is usually an STI

Question 12

What is Tinea unquium?

Answer 12

infection of the nail (onychomycosis)

Question 12

What is Tinea (Pityriasis) Versicolor?

Answer 12

truncal, tan colored, scaly macules that can develop into large patches due to Malassezia furfur infection

Question 13

What is Primary syphilis?

Answer 13

the initial papule that breaks down to produce a characteristically oval ulcer that is indurated (Hunterian chancre)- frequently non-tender- appears at site of initial infection

Question 15

What is impetigo?

Answer 15

Most common superficial bacterial infection of children characterized by a “Honey-colored” yellow crust

Question 16

Where does Scabies appear on the skin?

Answer 16

usually in the interdigital webs

Question 17

How is Candidiasis stained? How does it appear?

Answer 17

KOH; pseudohyphae or yeast

Question 19

What is verruca plana and what causes it?

Answer 19

flat warts; HPV types 3 or 10

Question 21

How is impetigo caused?

Answer 21

β-hemolytic streptococci or Staph Aureus combined with high humidity and poor hygeine

Question 22

What kind of virus is HPV?

Answer 22

Non-enveloped double-stranded DNA virus

Question 23

How is HPV treated?

Answer 23

1. locally destructive therapies 2. immunomodifiers 3. antiviral agents

Question 24

What causes Scabies?

Answer 24

Sarcoptes scabiei variety hominis

Question 25

What does Candida feed upon?

Answer 25

glucose or serum

Question 26

How is impetigo treated?

Answer 26

1. soak and remove crusts 2. topical Abx 3. systemic Abx

Question 27

What causes Syphilis?

Answer 27

Treponema pallidum- spirochete

Question 28

What is Tinea cruris?

Answer 28

infection of the genital region

Question 30

How does cellulitis occur?

Answer 30

Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, or Haemophilus influenzae infection into a break in the skin

Question 31

Why is impetigo always treated?

Answer 31

bc it's usually caused by Strep, so poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis could follow

Question 32

What is the most common superficial bacterial infection of children characterized by a “Honey-colored” yellow crust?

Answer 32

impetigo

Question 33

How is Tinea (Pityriasis) Versicolor stained? How does it appear?

Answer 33

KOH; ”spaghetti (short hyphae) and meatballs (yeast)”

Question 34

What is the initial papule that breaks down to produce a characteristically oval ulcer that is indurated (Hunterian chancre)- frequently non-tender- appears at site of initial infection?

Answer 34

primary syphilis

Question 35

What is cellulitis?

Answer 35

infection of the dermis characterized by ill-defined non-palpable or subtly palpable area of painful erythema fact is warm to the touch and Lymphatic streaking

Question 37

What do dermatophytes cause?

Answer 37

tinea

Question 38

What is the tx for Tinea (Pityriasis) Versicolor?

Answer 38

A. Selenium sulfide shampoo applied topically B. Topical imidazoles C. Oral therapies

Question 39

What is the tx for Scabies?

Answer 39

Permethrin cream

Question 40

What is Verruca plantaris/palmaris and what causes it?

Answer 40

plantar or palmar warts; PV types 2, 27, and 57