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unit 4: d & d > Cutaneous Infections and Infestations > Flashcards

Cutaneous Infections and Infestations Flashcards

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1
Q

Why is cellulitis treated?

A

it may progress to septicemia

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2
Q

What is the tx for cellulitis?

A

Abx

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2
Q

How are dermatophytes stained? How will they appear?

A

with KOH; as hyphae or arthrospores

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3
Q

What stains can be used to ID Syphilis?

A

Warthin-Starry or modified Steine stain

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4
Q

What is another name for Erysipelas?

A

St. Anthony’s fire

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4
Q

What does Malassezia furfur cause?

A

Tinea (Pityriasis) Versicolor

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5
Q

What is Erysipelas?

A

cellulitis of the face, characterized by sharply demarcated area of erythema (cliff-drop border) that demonstrates non-pitting edema (lesions are often painful)

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5
Q

What is the tx for Syphilis?

A

2.4 million units of benzathine penicillin as a single IM dose

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6
Q

What are truncal, tan colored, scaly macules that can develop into large patches due to Malassezia furfur infection?

A

Tinea (Pityriasis) Versicolor

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7
Q

Name the 3 most common dermatophytes.

A
  1. Trichophyton 2. Microsporum 3. Epidermophyton
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8
Q

How is tinea treated?

A

topical or systemic antifungals

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9
Q

What is secondary syphilis?

A

lesions 4-10 weeks post primary infection due to lymphatic spread. includes: - Non-pruritic papulosquamous lesions with varying degrees of scale that vary from red to read-brown to violaceous in color - Nonscarring “moth-eaten” alopecia - palmar/plantar rash

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10
Q

What is Verruca vulgaris and what causes it?

A

a common wart; HPV types 1, 2, or 4

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10
Q

What is Tinea corporis?

A

infection of non-hairy skin

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11
Q

What is Syphilis?

A

an infection of Treponema pallidum, a spirochete, that is usually an STI

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12
Q

What is Tinea unquium?

A

infection of the nail (onychomycosis)

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12
Q

What is Tinea (Pityriasis) Versicolor?

A

truncal, tan colored, scaly macules that can develop into large patches due to Malassezia furfur infection

13
Q

What is Primary syphilis?

A

the initial papule that breaks down to produce a characteristically oval ulcer that is indurated (Hunterian chancre)- frequently non-tender- appears at site of initial infection

15
Q

What is impetigo?

A

Most common superficial bacterial infection of children characterized by a “Honey-colored” yellow crust

16
Q

Where does Scabies appear on the skin?

A

usually in the interdigital webs

17
Q

How is Candidiasis stained? How does it appear?

A

KOH; pseudohyphae or yeast

19
Q

What is verruca plana and what causes it?

A

flat warts; HPV types 3 or 10

21
Q

How is impetigo caused?

A

β-hemolytic streptococci or Staph Aureus combined with high humidity and poor hygeine

22
Q

What kind of virus is HPV?

A

Non-enveloped double-stranded DNA virus

23
Q

How is HPV treated?

A
  1. locally destructive therapies 2. immunomodifiers 3. antiviral agents
24
Q

What causes Scabies?

A

Sarcoptes scabiei variety hominis

25
Q

What does Candida feed upon?

A

glucose or serum

26
Q

How is impetigo treated?

A
  1. soak and remove crusts 2. topical Abx 3. systemic Abx
27
Q

What causes Syphilis?

A

Treponema pallidum- spirochete

28
Q

What is Tinea cruris?

A

infection of the genital region

30
Q

How does cellulitis occur?

A

Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, or Haemophilus influenzae infection into a break in the skin

31
Q

Why is impetigo always treated?

A

bc it’s usually caused by Strep, so poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis could follow

32
Q

What is the most common superficial bacterial infection of children characterized by a “Honey-colored” yellow crust?

A

impetigo

33
Q

How is Tinea (Pityriasis) Versicolor stained? How does it appear?

A

KOH; ”spaghetti (short hyphae) and meatballs (yeast)”

34
Q

What is the initial papule that breaks down to produce a characteristically oval ulcer that is indurated (Hunterian chancre)- frequently non-tender- appears at site of initial infection?

A

primary syphilis

35
Q

What is cellulitis?

A

infection of the dermis characterized by ill-defined non-palpable or subtly palpable area of painful erythema fact is warm to the touch and Lymphatic streaking

37
Q

What do dermatophytes cause?

A

tinea

38
Q

What is the tx for Tinea (Pityriasis) Versicolor?

A

A. Selenium sulfide shampoo applied topically B. Topical imidazoles C. Oral therapies

39
Q

What is the tx for Scabies?

A

Permethrin cream

40
Q

What is Verruca plantaris/palmaris and what causes it?

A

plantar or palmar warts; PV types 2, 27, and 57

unit 4: d & d (22 decks)

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