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Studying > Current Electricity > Flashcards

Current Electricity Flashcards

1
Q

Electric Circuit

A

Continuous path in which electrons can flow

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2
Q

Load

A

The part of an electric circuit that converts electrical energy into other forms of energy

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3
Q

Switch

A

A device in the electric circuit that controls the flow of electrons by opening and closing the circuit

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4
Q

Electrical energy

A

Energy provided by the flow of electrons in an electric circuit

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5
Q

Electric Cell

A

A device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy

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6
Q

Primary cell

A

An electric cell that may only be used once

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7
Q

Secondary cell

A

An electric cell that can be recharged

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8
Q

DC

A

Electrons flow in one direction

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9
Q

AC

A

Electrons move back and fourth

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10
Q

How is electricity generated?

A

•Electric generating stations convert mechanical energy into electrical energy
•External energy source pushes blades of turbine
•Turbine is connected to generator
•Coil of wire held 2 poles of magnetic generator
•Electrons flow in wire
•Move in transition lines to electrical outlet

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11
Q

How do fossil fuels work?

A

•Fossil fuels are burned to heat water
•Creates steam
•Spins turbines
•Chemical - Thermal - Mechanical - Electrical

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12
Q

Advantages to fossil fuels

A

•Cheap
•Employs a lot of people
•Infastructure already exists in many places

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13
Q

How does nuclear energy work?

A

•Lake water
•Creates steam
•Nuclear generating stations
•Electrical energy

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14
Q

Advantages/Disadvantages to nuclear energy

A

•Does not directly cause acid precipitation

•Radiactive waste
•Affects aquatic ecosystems
•Pollution
•Habitat loss

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15
Q

How does hydro-electric energy work?

A

•Dam
•Resevoir
•Flow of water
•Turbine
•Generator
•Long distance power line

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16
Q

Advantages/Disadvantages to hydro electric

A

•No pollution

•Dams affect watersheds
•Migration of fish disrupted
•Land areas may flood

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17
Q

How does wind energy work?

A

•Wind
•Turbine
•Generator
•Electrical energy

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18
Q

Advantages/Disadvantages to wind

A

•No pollution
•Easily removed or added

•Difficult to generate a steady supply

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19
Q

How does Solar/Photovaltic energy work

A

•Light
•Solar panels
•Solar cell
•Electrical energy

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20
Q

How does Solar/Photovaltic energy work

A

•Light
•Solar panels
•Solar cell
•Electrical energy

21
Q

How does biomass energy work?

A

•Biomass (waste)
•Steam
•Turbines
•Generator
•Electrical energy

22
Q

How does biomass energy work?

A

•Biomass (waste)
•Steam
•Turbines
•Generator
•Electrical energy

23
Q

Advantages/Disadvantages to biomass

A

•Continous supply of waste

•Releases methane that is later burned

24
Q

How does geothermal energy work?

A

•Heat from crust
•Hotsprings/geysers
•Pipes
•Steam
•Generator
•Electrical energy

25
Q

Advantages/Disadvantages to geothermal

A

•Produces large amounts of energy

•Releases CO2
•Greenhouse effect
•Increases the Earth’s temperature

26
Q

How does tidal energy work?

A

•Tide
•Tidal generating station
•Water turbine
•Generator
•Electrical energy

27
Q

Advantages/Disadvantages to tidal

A

•No pollution

•Difficult to find an area to build generating stations

28
Q

Ontario Energy Usage

A

Wind - 1%
Nuclear - 52%
Coal - 18%
Natural Gas - 8%
Hydro - 21%

29
Q

What is resistance

A

•Determined by how easily electrons can flow
•Measure of how much electrons are slowed down when passing through a conductor
•Measured in Ohms

30
Q

Resistor

A

Restricts/slows the flow of electrons to protect the circuit

31
Q

How is resistance useful

A

•By slowing e- flow, can convert electrical energy into other forms of energy
•Allows us to use electricity for heat/light

32
Q

Things that affect resistance

A

•Type of material
•Temperature
•Cross sectional area/Diameter
•Length

33
Q

Hazards

A

•Materials w/ higher resistance require more voltage to make e- flow
•If current is too high for wire, wire will overheat/cause a fire
•Short circuits

34
Q

Short circuit

A

When there is no electrical load in the circuit and the circuit overheats and catches fire

35
Q

Preventing an electrical fire

A

•Insert a device into circuit that will break/open the circuit if e- flow is too high for wire
•Reatrict the current to a safe level

36
Q

Fuses

A

•Piece of metal that will melt/break the circuit if circuit temperature is too high for wire
•Different ratings (15A, 5A)
•One time use

37
Q

Circuit breaker

A

•That will bend and flip open the circuit by breaking flow of e-
•Is reusable

38
Q

GFCI

A

•Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter
•Shuts off electricity at the outlet if it’s overloaded

39
Q

Conventional current

A

Positive to negative

40
Q

Electron flow

A

Negative to positive

41
Q

Amps

A

Measures current (I)

42
Q

Voltage

A

•Potential difference
•Difference in electric potential energy per unit of charge measured at 2 points

43
Q

Adding more lights in SERIES

A

Lights get dimmer

44
Q

Adding more lights in PARALLEL

A

Light remains the same

45
Q

Time of use

A

Electricity costs more/less depending on the time of day/week you use it

46
Q

Tiered pricing

A

Once you use a certain amount of electricity, all electricity used after that is an additional charge

47
Q

Efficiency

A

Eff = eOut/eIn

48
Q

Power

A

P=E/t
P= I×V

49
Q

Energy

A

E=P×t

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