Chemistry Grade 10 Flashcards
Synthesis
A + B = AB
Decomposition
AB = A + B
Single Displacement
AB + C = A + BC
Double Displacement
AB + CD = AD + CB
Combustion of an Element
Metal + Oxygen = Metal Oxide + Energy
Combustion of a Hydrocarbon
CxHy + O2 = CO2 + H2O
Incomplete Combustion
CxHy + O2 = C + CO + CO2 + H2O
Evidence of Hydrogen
Lit splint pops
Evidence of Oxygen
Glowing splint relights
Antacid
Reduces stomach acid, helping with heartburn
Buffer
A substance able to resist changes in pH
Releases OH
Base
Releases H
Acid
Receives H
Base
Electrolytes
A substance that breaks down into ions when dissolved in water
Products of neutralization
Salt, Water
Plants remove toxins in soil
Phytoremediation
When acid forming chemicals fall onto surfaces
Dry deposition
Reaction w/ carbonate
Makes CO2
Phenolphthalein
Acid - No color
Base - Pink
Bromothymol Blue
Acid - Yellow
Base - Blue
Phenol Red
Acid - Yellow
Base - Red/Pink
Methyl Orange
Acid - Red
Base - Orange/Yellow
Common acids
Acetic Acid (HC2H3O2)
Hydrochloric acid
Sulfuric acid
Carbonic Acid
Common Bases
Sodium Hydroxide
Calcium hydroxide
Magnesium hydroxide
Make acid/base
-Combustion of element to make an oxide
-Combine oxide with water in synthesis reaction
Acid per. Environment impact
-Damage forests (Weaken trees)
-Makes soil acidic
-pH change affects aquatic ecosystem
Acid per. economic impact
-Logging industry
-Fishing industry
-Structural damage
How to prevent corrosion
-Protective layer (eg. paint)
-Non corrosive material
-Galvanize (Zinc layer)
Exothermic
Energy is a product
Endothermic
Energy is a reactant
