Culture and Communication

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

Refers to the characteristics and knowledge of a particular society.

Question 2

Culture and Communication

Answer 2

Each culture has a set of rules that its members take for granted. A culture’s norms are based on local knowledge, life rules, religious beliefs, group values etc.

Question 3

Taboo’s

Answer 3

Often based on a group’s rules, phobias or anxieties.

Question 4

Personal Culture

Answer 4

How we define ourselves is first influenced by family (our first culture).

Question 5

Communication Styles and Culture

Answer 5

Formal
Informal
Direct
Indirect

Question 6

Formal

Answer 6

Value silence 
Physical Closeness 
Soft eye contact 
Minimal body language 
Formal greeting 
High context

Question 7

Informal

Answer 7

Avoid silence 
Physical distance 
Direct eye contact 
Animated body language 
Short greeting 
Low context

Question 8

Direct

Answer 8

Individual
Self-asserting
Use ‘I’
Focus on what is said

Question 9

Indirect

Answer 9

Not personal 
Unassuming 
Uses 'we' 
Focus on what is implied 
Harmony valued

Question 10

Culture Similarities and Differences

Answer 10

Power distance 
Uncertainty avoidance
High/low context 
Formal vs informal 
Individualist vs Collectivist 
Context ambiguity 
Masculine vs feminine 
Direct vs indirect 
Sequential vs Synchronic

Question 11

Collectivist Cultures

Answer 11

"We" identity 
Filial piety 
Group welfare 
Ingroup loyalty 
Relational interdependence 
Harmony 
Face-saving 
High-context

Question 12

Individualist Culture

Answer 12

"I" identity
Self-aware 
Individual Power 
Competetive 
Low-cotext Communication

Question 13

Sequential Communication

Answer 13

Time is a linear commodity to ‘spend’, ‘save’, or ‘waste’.

Question 14

Synchronic Communication

Answer 14

Time is a constant flow experience in the moment.

Question 15

Low context Cultures

Answer 15

Meaning is conveyed verbally and is explicit.

Question 16

High context Cultures

Answer 16

Meaning is conveyed by situation and context.

Question 17

Uncertainty Avoidance

Answer 17

The tolerance of ambiguity and uncertainty.

Question 18

Power Distance

Answer 18

The extent to which a culture values status and power and expect that these are distributed unequally.

Question 19

Face-Work in Cultural Communication

Answer 19

The act of communicating in a way that maintains the ‘image’.

Question 20

Cultural Competence Requires

Answer 20

Knowledge
Skills
Awareness

Question 21

Strategies for Effective Communication

Answer 21

Ask questions 
Distinguish perspectives
Build self-awareness 
Recognise the complexity 
Avoid stereotyping 
Respect Differences 
Listen actively 
Be honest 
Be flexible 
Think twice

Question 22

Cultural Competence

Answer 22

A set of congruent behaviours, attitudes, and policies’ that will prevent the negative effects that may arise from disregarding culture in the provision of health services.

Question 23

Transcultural Care

Answer 23

Formal areas of study and practice in the cultural beliefs, values and life ways of diverse and in the use of knowledge to provide culture-specific or culture-universal care to individuals, families and groups of particular cultures.

Question 24

Cultural Security

Answer 24

Emphasises the responsibility for culturally secure health services lies with the system as a whole, rather than individual health cultures.

Question 25

Cultural Respect

Answer 25

The goal of cultural respect is to uphold the rights, maintain, protect and develop their culture and achieve equitable health outcomes.

Question 26

Cultural Awareness

Answer 26

Cultural awareness aims to increase participants’ awareness of cultural social and historical factors, promoting participants’ self-reflection on their own culture and tendency to stereotype.

Question 27

Cultural Safety

Answer 27

Aims to recognise and protect a person’s cultural identity within the health service.