Cuban Missile Crisis

Question 1

Where is Cuba?

Answer 1

Island state in the Caribbean Sea – 150 km south of USA

Question 2

America do for the Cubans in 1898?

Answer 2

Gain independence from Spain

Question 3

How did America continue to exert influence in Cuban affairs?

Answer 3

1. American companies had large shares in Cuban companies – agriculture
2. The American companies held monopoly of the Cuban sugar plantation and exports – 1950s

Question 4

When did Americans help the Cuban military officer Batista to come to power?

Answer 4

1934

Question 5

What happened in 1934>?

Answer 5

America helped Batista to come to power

Question 6

What was the Batista’s government like?

Answer 6

Corrupt and ruthlessly repressive

Question 7

What was Batista’s regime seen as?

Answer 7

Symbol of American power

Question 8

Who is Fidel Castro?

Answer 8

Lawyer and communist

Question 9

When did Fidel lead a successful revolt?

Answer 9

1959

Question 10

What was Castro’s revolt against?

Answer 10

Batista’s government

Question 11

When did Castro become prime mister?

Answer 11

16 February 1959

Question 12

What type of state did Cuba become under Castro’s control?

Answer 12

One-party state

Question 13

What was the only party allowed in Cuba?

Answer 13

Communist Party of Cuba

Question 14

Castro was pro-poor socialist. What does this mean?

Answer 14

Promised to transform Cuba to an equal society

Question 15

How did Castro make Cuba more equal?

Answer 15

Massive redistribution of farming land
Nationalising private property and private companies

Question 16

How was USA cut off from investments in Cuba?

Answer 16

Nationalising private property and companies that were American

Question 17

What was the response of the loss of American companies? 1960

Answer 17

USA imposed trade embargo on Cuba

Question 18

What is a trade embargo?

Answer 18

Restriction on trading certain products, goods, and services

Question 19

What did the trade embargo cause?

Answer 19

Economic crisis

Question 20

What did Castro do in terms of the trade embargo?

Answer 20

Ask the USSR for help

Question 21

How did the USSR provide Cuba support?

Answer 21

Buying sugar from
Selling Cuban fuel
Provided weapons

Question 22

What did the USA not want near its borders?

Answer 22

Soviet-backed country

Question 23

What did President Eisenhower do in 1960?

Answer 23

Approved a budget of over $13 million

Question 24

What was the budget needed for?

Answer 24

To overthrow Castro

Question 25

Who had fled for the USA?

Answer 25

300 000 pro-Batista Cubans

Question 26

When did the Cubans flee?

Answer 26

1961

Question 27

How did USA help exiles plan an invasion of Cuba?

Answer 27

Through the CIA

Question 28

What happened on 17 April 1961?

Answer 28

Cuban exiles launched Bay of Pigs invasion

Question 29

When were the Cuban exiles defeated?

Answer 29

In three days - Castro's forces

Question 30

What did the USA think of the defeat?

Answer 30

Major harassment and international relations disaster

Question 31

Why was the USA embarrassed about the defeat?

Answer 31

Their involvement = secret

Question 32

What did the Cubans have evidence of after the invasion?

Answer 32

USA will use force to re-impose control

Question 33

When were nuclear missiles stored in Turkey?

Answer 33

USA - 1959

Question 34

What was Turkey's involvement?

Answer 34

Member of NATO Shared border with USSR

Question 35

What did the USA believe the nuclear missiles would do?

Answer 35

Discourage Soviet expansion Contain spread of communism in Europe

Question 36

What did Khrushchev want to install?

Answer 36

Nuclear missiles on USA border

Question 37

What did Castro publicly request after Bay of Pigs?

Answer 37

Requested military aid from Soviets

Question 38

How did Soviets establish a balance of nuclear power?

Answer 38

Installation of nuclear bases in Cuba in 1962

Question 39

What happened on the 14th of October 1962?

Answer 39

It's five plane took pictures of the missile bases both at a rapid pace in Cuba

Question 40

What did American intelligence suggest?

Answer 40

More ships with missile equipment - sail to Cuba

Question 41

What were Kennedys three decisions?

Answer 41

1. Ignore missiles – posed a threat to American security 2. Soviets were not remove missiles without fight 3. Too dangerous to attack – outbreak of war

Question 42

What did USSR successfully do in 1953?

Answer 42

Detonated first nuclear weapon

Question 43

Why did the USA into rapidly expand their nuclear weapons?

Answer 43

And they had the ability to strike back harder - Soviets think twice

Question 44

What did American military believe?

Answer 44

Okay would use it intimidating nuclear arsenal and actively engage the serviettes in the stand-off – USSR backed down

Question 45

What is Brinkmanship?

Answer 45

Deliberately provoking the Soviets to the brink/moment just before point of no return

Question 46

What did brinkmanship hope to achieve?

Answer 46

Scare USSR into retreat and admission of defeat

Question 47

What Kennedy advised to attempt?

Answer 47

Circling the island of Cuba with in the US Navy ships

Question 48

What would the Navy ships prevent?

Answer 48

Soviet ships unloading missile equipment

Question 49

Play what happened on the 22nd of October 1962?

Answer 49

Kennedy told USSR if they ships attempted to go see blockade – USA sync them

Question 50

What did Khrushchev accuse Kennedy of?

Answer 50

Piracy and war-like actions

Question 51

When did brinkmanship take place between ships?

Answer 51

Between 23 and 24 October North Atlantic ocean

Question 52

What happened on the 25 of October 1962?

Answer 52

Soviet ship returned

Question 53

How was the missile dilemma solved?

Answer 53

1. Khrushchev would removed missiles - blockade lifted, USA did not attempt invasion 2. America remove missiles from Turkey

Question 54

What system was established after Cuban Missile Crisis?

Answer 54

Direct communication between two leaders

Question 55

Why was this communication system implemented?

Answer 55

Future problems resolved easily - helped relations

Question 56

What reduced Khrushchev's prestige in the USSR

Answer 56

Removal of missiles - sign of weakness

Question 57

What happened to USA relationship with Cuba?

Answer 57

Remained difficult

Question 58

What did Guevara call USA officials?

Answer 58

Imperialists

Question 59

What did Cuba support Guevara in?

Answer 59

Attempt to spread communism

Question 60

How did Guevara attempt to spread communism?

Answer 60

World tour and encouraging military uprisings

Question 61

What did Castro speak about publicly in 1968?

Answer 61

Defence of Soviets crushing Prague Spring

Question 62

What did Castro's defence of Soviets lead to?

Answer 62

USSR sent more aid to Cuba

Question 63

What did the USA successfully do in 1969?

Answer 63

Guevara assassinated in Bolivia - trying to start revolt

Question 64

CIA

Answer 64

Central Intelligence Agency

Question 65

What was the CIA plan?

Answer 65

Train exiles to invade Cuba and start rebellion

Question 66

Who succeeded Eisenhower?

Answer 66

JFK

Question 67

Who implemented the CIA plan?

Answer 67

JFK

Question 68

How many exiles landed in Cuba?

Answer 68

1 500 exiles

Question 69

When was the 'Bay of Pigs Invasion'?

Answer 69

17 April 1961

Question 70

What did both sides missiles look like in 1962?

Answer 70

USSR: Launch against Europe USA: Strike entire USSR

Question 71

Why did Castro approve Khrushchev plan about missiles?

Answer 71

Fear of second attack from USA

Question 72

When did the USSR secretly place missiles?

Answer 72

Summer of 1962

Question 73

When was Kennedy informed about the missile installations?

Answer 73

15 October

Question 74

What is Kennedy organised after finding out about the missiles?

Answer 74

Executive Committee of National Security Council (EX-COMM)

Question 75

What is EX-COMM?

Answer 75

Group of 12 most important advises to handle the crisis

Question 76

Whose reputation was enhanced?

Answer 76

Kennedy gained prestige and won test of strength

Question 77

What treaty was signed in 1963?

Answer 77

Test Ban Treaty

Question 78

What is the Test Ban Treaty?

Answer 78

Promise to not test nuclear weapons in atmosphere, underwater or in outer space

Question 79

What policy did Khrushchev make?

Answer 79

Policy of peaceful co-existence

Question 80

Why did the peaceful co-existence policy not last long?

Answer 80

Khrushchev's support in Politburo (USSR parliament) ended

Question 81

When did Khrushchev step down?

Answer 81

1964