CT: Supportive CT: Cartilage

Question 1

Types of cartilage

Answer 1

• Hyaline
• Elastic
• Fibrous

Question 2

What is the type of cartilage base on?

Answer 2

Extracellular fibers

Question 3

What does cartilage have a large amount of?

Answer 3

GAGS

Question 4

Cartilage vascularity

Answer 4

None

Question 5

Hyaline cartilage locations

Answer 5

• Between tips/ribs & bones/sternum
• Covering bone surfaces at synovial joints
• Larynx
• Trachea
• Bronchi
• Nasal septum

Question 6

Hyaline cartilage functions

Answer 6

• Provides stiff/flexible support
• Reduces friction between bony structures

Question 7

Most common type of cartilage

Answer 7

Hyaline

Question 8

Structures primarily composed of hyaline cartilage

Answer 8

• Bronchi
• Larynx
• Nose
• Costal cartilage
• Fetal skeletal system
• Epiphyseal growth plates
• Articular cartilage at end of bones
• Trachea

Question 9

Hyaline cartilage is made of this type of collagen fiber

Answer 9

Type II

Question 10

Another name of hyaline cartilae

Answer 10

Glassy cartilage

Question 11

Proteoglycans are formed by what?

Answer 11

Large amounts of GAGS hooked to proteins in bottle brush configuration

Question 12

Composition of GAGS in cartilage

Answer 12

• Hyaluronin
• Chondroitin-4-sulfate
• Chondroitin-6-sulfate

Question 13

Proteoglycans function

Answer 13

• Gives cartilage the ability to very well hydrated
• This is needed for diffusion of nutrients to the chondrocytes
• Compression resistance

Question 14

This cartilaginous cell is found in the inner layer of the perichondrium

Answer 14

Chondrogenic cell

Question 15

Connective tissue layer (dense irregular) which surrounds all cartilage except articular surfaces

Answer 15

Perichondrium

Question 16

Chondrogenic cells have the ability to differentiate into these cells

Answer 16

Chrondroblasts

Question 17

This cells replicate immature cells that synthesize and secrete the fiber and matrix of cartilage

Answer 17

Chondroblasts

Question 18

Mature chondroblasts

Answer 18

Chondrocytes

Question 19

Chondrocyte location

Answer 19

Lacunae

Question 20

What are chondrocytes capable of?

Answer 20

• Mitosis
• Murder
• Interstitial growth

Question 21

A dense irregular CT layer that surrounds cartilage

Answer 21

Perichondrium

Question 22

Where is perichondrium NOT found?

Answer 22

Articular surfaces

Question 23

Perichondrium composition

Answer 23

• Inner layer: Chondrogenic cells
• Outer layer: Collagen, fibroblasts, blood vessels

Question 24

Where are capillaries found in the cartilage?

Answer 24

Nowhere

Question 25

Hyaline cartilage at the end of the bone

Answer 25

Articular cartilage

Question 26

How does articular cartilage receive its nutrition?

Answer 26

Synovial fluid

Question 27

Internal growth due to chondrocyte’ ability to undergo mitosis

Answer 27

Interstitial growth

Question 28

Surface growth occurring at the cartilage surface between the perichondrium and the cartilage

Answer 28

Appositional growth

Question 29

Hormones that increase cartilage growth

Answer 29

• Thyroid hormone
• Growth hormone (no shit)
• Testosterone

Question 30

Hormones that decrease cartilage growth

Answer 30

• Estrogen
• Corticosteroids

Question 31

Fibrocartilage collagen type

Answer 31

Types I & II

Question 32

Where is fibrocartilage found?

Answer 32

• Annulus fibrosis of IVD
• Pubic symphysis
• Articular disc of TMJ
• Meniscus