CT: Supportive CT: Cartilage Flashcards
Types of cartilage
- Hyaline
- Elastic
- Fibrous
What is the type of cartilage base on?
Extracellular fibers
What does cartilage have a large amount of?
GAGS
Cartilage vascularity
None
Hyaline cartilage locations
- Between tips/ribs & bones/sternum
- Covering bone surfaces at synovial joints
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Bronchi
- Nasal septum
Hyaline cartilage functions
- Provides stiff/flexible support
- Reduces friction between bony structures
Most common type of cartilage
Hyaline
Structures primarily composed of hyaline cartilage
- Bronchi
- Larynx
- Nose
- Costal cartilage
- Fetal skeletal system
- Epiphyseal growth plates
- Articular cartilage at end of bones
- Trachea
Hyaline cartilage is made of this type of collagen fiber
Type II
Another name of hyaline cartilae
Glassy cartilage
Proteoglycans are formed by what?
Large amounts of GAGS hooked to proteins in bottle brush configuration
Composition of GAGS in cartilage
- Hyaluronin
- Chondroitin-4-sulfate
- Chondroitin-6-sulfate
Proteoglycans function
- Gives cartilage the ability to very well hydrated
- This is needed for diffusion of nutrients to the chondrocytes
- Compression resistance
This cartilaginous cell is found in the inner layer of the perichondrium
Chondrogenic cell
Connective tissue layer (dense irregular) which surrounds all cartilage except articular surfaces
Perichondrium
Chondrogenic cells have the ability to differentiate into these cells
Chrondroblasts
This cells replicate immature cells that synthesize and secrete the fiber and matrix of cartilage
Chondroblasts
Mature chondroblasts
Chondrocytes
Chondrocyte location
Lacunae
What are chondrocytes capable of?
- Mitosis
- Murder
- Interstitial growth
A dense irregular CT layer that surrounds cartilage
Perichondrium
Where is perichondrium NOT found?
Articular surfaces
Perichondrium composition
- Inner layer: Chondrogenic cells
- Outer layer: Collagen, fibroblasts, blood vessels
Where are capillaries found in the cartilage?
Nowhere
Hyaline cartilage at the end of the bone
Articular cartilage
How does articular cartilage receive its nutrition?
Synovial fluid
Internal growth due to chondrocyte’ ability to undergo mitosis
Interstitial growth
Surface growth occurring at the cartilage surface between the perichondrium and the cartilage
Appositional growth
Hormones that increase cartilage growth
- Thyroid hormone
- Growth hormone (no shit)
- Testosterone
Hormones that decrease cartilage growth
- Estrogen
- Corticosteroids
Fibrocartilage collagen type
Types I & II
Where is fibrocartilage found?
- Annulus fibrosis of IVD
- Pubic symphysis
- Articular disc of TMJ
- Meniscus
