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Civil Law > Crystallization > Flashcards

Crystallization Flashcards

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1
Q

Crystallization

A

Solid-fluid separation process where the solid particles are formed from a homogeneous phase.

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2
Q

Crystal

A

highly organized type of matter

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3
Q

Solubility

A

*parts solute / 100 parts solvent
*maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of a solvent at a given temperature.

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4
Q

Supersaturation

A

Quantity of solids actually present in the solution compared to the quantity that is in equilibrium with the solution.

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5
Q

Homogeneous or Primary Nucleation

A

*Molecules may come together and associate into a cluster.
*If supersaturation is high enough

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6
Q

Heterogeneous Nucleation

A

*Contact Nucleation
*Formation of new nuclei is due to the interference of the contacting agent (walls of the container or agitator blades)

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7
Q

Secondary Nucleation

A

*Contact Nucleation
*Formation of new nuclei occurs in collisions between crystals.

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8
Q

What are the mechanisms of crystallization?

A
  1. Cooling
  2. Evaporation
  3. Adiabatic (Vacuum Evaporation)
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9
Q

CRYSTALLIZATION MECHANISM:
Oslo Crystallizer

A

Evaporation

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10
Q

CRYSTALLIZATION MECHANISM:
Vacuum Crystallizers

A

Adiabatic Evaporation with Cooling
*Heat sensitive

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11
Q

CRYSTALLIZATION MECHANISM:
Swenson-Walker Crystallizers

A

Cooling

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12
Q

CRYSTALLIZATION MECHANISM:
Agitated Batch Coolers

A

Cooling

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13
Q

CRYSTALLIZATION MECHANISM:
Pan Coolers

A

Cooling

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14
Q

Crystallizer using Evaporation

A

Oslo Crystallizer

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15
Q

MSMPR

A

*Mixed-Suspension Mixed-Product Removal
*Basis for identifying kinetic parameters *Applied to calculate the performance of the crystallizer.

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16
Q

Seeding

A

Process of adding homogeneous or heterogeneous crystals to a crystallizing solution to nucleate and/or grow more crystals.

17
Q

Crystallization of solids from a homogeneous solution is a/an __________ process.

A

exothermic

18
Q

During crystallization, formation of crystal can occur in __________ solution only.

A

supersaturated

19
Q

McCabe Δ L law states that ____

A

*All crystals growth in same temperature and supersaturation HENCE
*Crystal growth does not depend on crystal size

20
Q

Used for material with solubility independent of temperature

A

Crystalizing evaporator

21
Q

Nucleation

A

Formation of new solid phase either on inert particle or solution itself

22
Q

Magma

A

Two phase product of crystallization

23
Q

Saturated Solution (Crystallization)

A

Equilibrium concentration of solute and solvent

24
Q

Eutectic Mixture

A

Mixture with melting point lower than its constituents
*Salt used to melt Ice

25
Q

Common Charts used for Crystallization calculations

A

*Phase Diagrams
*Enthalpy-Concentration Diagrams

Civil Law (31 decks)

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