Cross-Matching Flashcards
Type A blood group
- Isoantibodies
- How common
- weak isoantibodies against type B
- common in North America
Type B blood group
- Isoantibodies
- How common
- strong isoantibodies against type A
- less common in North America
Why are cats always blood typed?
cats with type B blood have a severe and lethal transfusion reaction when given type A blood
Type AB blood
- Isoantibodies
- How common
- no isoantibodies (universal recipients)
- very rare (purebred cats)
Antiserum anti-A is added to blood sample, and results in agglutination.
What blood type is the animal?
What blood type is the animal if it resulted in no agglutination?
Agglutination: Type A
None: Type B
What is Major Crossmatch?
What is its purpose?
patient serum + donor RBCs
final check of compatability prior to transfusion
What is Minor Crossmatch?
patient RBCs + donor serum
What indicates a positive crossmatch?
Should you transfuse?
positive crossmatch: agglutination
do not transfuse
What do you need to test for horses before transfusion?
- crossmatch agglutination test and hemolytic detection test
- positive result = hemolysis
What is Acute Hemolytic Immune-Mediated Reaction?
What are the sequels?
- intravascular hemolysis
- Sequels: DIC, hypotension, shock, acute renal failure, death
Hemolytic Immune-Mediated Reaction clinical signs
- hemoglobinuria
- anemia
- hypoxia
- vomiting, pyrexia
What is Delayed Hemolytic Immune-Mediated reaction?
When does it occur?
- extravascular hemolysis
- occurs > 24 hours post transfusion
Delayed Hemolytic Immune-Mediated reaction clinical signs
- icterus, hyperbilirubinemia/uria
- fever, anorexia
- positive direct Coomb’s test
What is Non-Hemolytic Immune-Mediated reaction?
When does it occur?
What are the clinical signs?
- febrile and allergic reactions
- occurs within 15 minutes to a few hours
- nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, tremors, utricaria, pruritis, erythema
