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Gastrointestinal > Crohn's Disease > Flashcards

Crohn's Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is Crohn’s?

A

Chronic inflammatory disease

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2
Q

Where does it affect?

A

Mouth to anus

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3
Q

Continuous or patchy?

A

Patchy

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4
Q

Where does it typically affect?

A

Terminal ileum causing right iliac fossa pain

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5
Q

What part of the bowel wall does it affect?

A

All of it, it is transmural

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6
Q

Histopathological Findings

A

Fistulae, abscesses, cobblestone appearance, inflammatory infiltrate and lymphoid hyperplasia

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7
Q

Any extra GI manifestations? (4)

A

Yes; Uveitis, Arthropathies, Erythema Nodosum, Sclerosing Cholangitis

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8
Q

What Causes it? (3)

A

Multifactorial; genetic, environement, intestinal microbiota

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9
Q

Is it common?

A

No, 4 per 100,000

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10
Q

Who does it affect most? (3)

A

White, western and jewish

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11
Q

Risk factors (4)

A

Genes (NOD2, IL-23), Smoking, Hygiene Hypothesis, Chronic stress and depression

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12
Q

Any protective factors?

A

No

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13
Q

Symptoms (8)

A

Diarrhoea, Abdominal Pain (mainly right iliac fossa and gastric), weight loss, lethargy, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, mouth and anal ulcers

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14
Q

Signs (3)

A

Ulcers, Abdominal tenderness or mass, clubbing

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15
Q

Main Differentials (3)

A

UC, Infection, Ileocaecal Lymphoma

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16
Q

What bloods would you do?

A

FBC, ESR, CRP, LFT, U&E, Blood Cultures, Coeliac Antibodies test

17
Q

Other Investigations (3)

A

Stool Tests (faecal calprotectin, microscopy&culture), colonoscopy/gastroscopy with biopsy

18
Q

First line treatment:

A

Glucocorticoid Steroids for flare ups
mild=prednisolone
severe=hydrocortisone

19
Q

Other treatment: (3)

A

DMARDs: Infliximab, Immunosuppressants (ciclosporin, methotrexate)
Bowel/GI tract resection

20
Q

Complications (4)

A

Small bowel obstruction, toxic megacolon, abscess, risk of colon cancer

Gastrointestinal (23 decks)

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