Critical Thinking

Question 1

what is critical thinking

Answer 1

• mode of thinking in which the thinker improves the quality of their thinking by skillfully analyzing, assessing, and reconstructing it
• cognitive process used to analyze empirics
• knowledge based
• not dependent on the situation at hand but rather on the knowledge o the subject that the nurse possesses

Question 2

process of critical thinking

Answer 2

• based on evidence and science rather than assumption/conjectures

Question 3

3 levels of critical thinking

Answer 3

1) basic
2) complex
3) commitment

Question 4

basic critical thinking

Answer 4

• concrete
• based on a set of rules
• answers either right or wrong
• only one right answer exists

Question 5

complex critical thinking

Answer 5

• separate processes form others thinking
• examine choices more independently
• look beyond expert opinions

Question 6

commitment critical thinking

Answer 6

• anticipate need to make choices without assistance from other professionals
• choose action or belief on the basis of the viability of alternative solutions available
• stand by your choice

Question 7

steps of critical thinking process

Answer 7

1) interpretation
2) analysis
3) inference
4) evaluation
5) explanation
6) self regulation

Question 8

interpretation

Answer 8

• orderly data collection
• look for patterns to organize the data (nursing diagnosis)
• clarify data of which you are uncertain

Question 9

analysis

Answer 9

• need to be open minded as you look into the info about your client
• avoid making assumptions
• ask whether data reveals what you think is true or whether other scenarios are possible

Question 10

inference

Answer 10

• examine meanings and relationships in data

- form hypothesis and conclusions on the basis of patterns observed

Question 11

evaluation

Answer 11

• access all situation objectively
• use criteria to determine effectiveness of nursing actions
• identify required changes
• reflect upon own behaviour

Question 12

explanation

Answer 12

• support findings and conclusions

- use knowledge and select strategies to use in care of your patients

Question 13

self regulation

Answer 13

• reflect on own experiences
• adhere to standards of practice
• apply ethical principles to nursing practice
• identify ways to improve performance

Question 14

well-cultivated critical thinker

Answer 14

• Raises vital questions and problems, formulating them clearly and precisely
• Gathers and assesses relevant information, using abstract ideas to interpret it effectively
• Comes to well-reasoned conclusions and solutions, testing them against relevant criteria and standards
• Thinks open-mindedly within alternative systems of thought, recognizing and assessing, as needs be, their assumptions, implications, and practical consequences
• Communicates effectively with others in figuring out solutions to complex problems

Question 15

qualities of critical thinking

Answer 15

• truth seeking
• open mindedness
• analyticity
• systematicity
• self confidence
• inquisitiveness
• maturity

Question 16

truth seeking

Answer 16

• what is really happening in the situation

Question 17

open mindedness

Answer 17

• being acceptive to new ideas

- being tolerant to other points of view

Question 18

analyticity

Answer 18

• determining significance of a situation
• interpreting meaning
• anticipating possible results/consequences
• uses evidence informed knowledge in nursing practice

Question 19

systematicity

Answer 19

• being organized and focused in data collection

Question 20

self confidence

Answer 20

• trust in your own resining process

- seek confirmation from experts when uncertain

Question 21

inquisitiveness

Answer 21

• actively seeking knowledge

Question 22

maturity

Answer 22

• accept that multiple solutions are possible
• willing to consider other explanations
• using prudence in making/suspending/revising judgements

Question 23

components of critical thinking in nursing

Answer 23

• specific knowledge base
• experience in nursing
• critical thinking competencies
• attitudes fro critical thinking
• standards for critical thinking

Question 24

specific knowledge base

Answer 24

• depth of your knowledge which influences your ability to integrate and apply different kinds of knowledge to your practice
• to think critically about nursing problems in a range of practice settings

Question 25

experience in nursing

Answer 25

• beyond textbook knowledge

- able to make safe adaptations based on practice and deeper thinking

Question 26

critical thinking competencies

Answer 26

• scientific method
• problem solving
• decision making
• specific diagnostic reasoning
• clinical inference
• process of drawing conclusions from related pieces of evidence
• nursing process falls under this

Question 27

attitudes for critical thinking

Answer 27

• interpreting, evaluating, and making judgements about adequacy of arguments and available data

Question 28

standards for critical thinking

Answer 28

• intellectual standards: guidelines for rational thought
• professional standards: ethical criteria for nursing judgement, evidence informed criteria for evaluation, criteria for professional responsibility
• code of ethics falls under this

Question 29

clinical reasoning

Answer 29

• application of critical thinking to clinical situations
• cognitive process used by healthcare practitioners to address patient issues
• involves synthesis of knowledge and experience
• requires background of scientific knowledge and general case or particular instance in which to apply knowledge
• a set of cognitive processes used to discern the relevance of the evidence and scientific knowledge as it applies to a particular patient

Question 30

Tanners definition of clinical judgment

Answer 30

• an interpretation of conclusion about a patients needs, concerns, or health problems
• the decision to take action or not, use or modify standard approaches, r improvise new ones as deemed appropriate by patients responses

Question 31

tanners 5 assumptions of clinical judgment

Answer 31

1) more influences by what nurses bring to situation than objective data of situation
2) sound clinical judgment rests to some degree on knowing patient and their typical pattern of response, and engagement with patient and their concerns
3) clinical judgments influences by context in which the situation occurs and culture of nursing care unit
4) nurses use a variety of reasoning patterns alone or in combinations
5) reflection on practice is often triggered by a breakdown I clinical judgment and is critical fro development of knowledge and improvement of clinical reasoning